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Spanish Civil War + Effects - Coggle Diagram
Spanish Civil War + Effects
Reasons why Italy intervened
General
stay in limelight
to have another war
M became overambitious after Abyssinian victory
considered conflict to be over quickly
Domestic
maintain momentum for Fascistisation at home
Ideological
help spread Fascism
fight against decadent democracy + Socialism
International
demonstrate Italy's might
establish greater Italian influence in the Mediterranean
cultivate an ally in a strategic area
stop French, left-wing influence in Spain-" planes crashed in Morocco
At first?
initally reluctant
M promised military assistance to Spanish politicians + generals in Rome in 1934
July 1936 agreed to send 12 Savoia S81 planes (30 German planes also) to help right wing rebels
Transported Franco's army from Morrocco to Spain
How did Italy assist?
40-60,000 troops sent
Autumn 1936 130 aircraft (final figure 400+), 2500 tons of bombs, 500 cannons, 700 mortars, 12,000 machine-guns, 50 whippet tanks + 3800 motor vehicles
Submarines attacked supply ships to Republicans summer 1937
Garibaldi Brigade-Italians fighting for Republican government
Battle of Guadalajara-Italians fought Italians
lost 6000 men
bitter loss of prestige for M who personally orchestrated army deployment
Franco ordered dismantlement of Italian army in Spain
Economic Effects
Increasing trade with Germany :check:
Disrupted Italian trade + increasing trade with Germany :red_cross:
Cost 14 billion lire (half a year's tax revenue) + required special levies :red_cross:
Lira devalued :red_cross:
Italy lost half of foreign currency reserves :red_cross:
Political Effects
Church happy with government :check:
Made government unpopular :red_cross:
Military Effects
Italy on winning side + claimed as great victory :check:
prevented Italy consolidating its strength after Abyssinian conflict :red_cross:
used up much needed weapons + ammo :red_cross:
Italy's military strength was less in 1939 than in 1936-unprepared for major war in 1939 :red_cross:
Humiliated at Guadalajara-weakness exposed :red_cross:
cost 4000 lives out of 40,000 troops :red_cross:
International Effects
Italy gained potential support in strategic position-facing France + Britain :check:
Helped establish another Fascist regime :check:
Increased links with Nazi Germany :check: :red_cross:
Britain and France still wanted Italian friendship :check:
Italy gained little of real value-just Spanish neutrality :red_cross:
Diverted Italian attention from German threat to Austria :red_cross:
reinforced Italy's quarrel with Britain and France