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Design Thinking - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Prototype
        
        Test
        
        ITERATE
        
        What is Test Stage?
        
        It is a chance to get feedback from consumers, refine solution to make it better, and continue to learn about your consumers.
        
        Understand your consumers much better through testing.
        
        Why do we conduct test?
        
        To make iterations and refine the prototype
        
        Learn more about how the consumer reacts to the prototype and empathise with them.
        
        Allows us to refine our POV and reframe the problem after testing.
        
        How do we conduct a test?
        
        Show the consumers and do not tell them about how to use the prototype.
        
        Have the consumers talk through their experience.
        
        Actively observe the consumers on how they take action on the prototype.
        
        Follow up on questions when asking the consumers on how is the prototype to them.
        
        What is Prototyping Stage?
        
        It is to get new ideas and explorations of your head into the real world..
        
        It is successful when consumers are able to experience and interact with them.
        
        There are two stages when it comes to prototyping...
        
        Early Stage
        
        There is only wireframe for the prototype
        
        Later Stage
        
        The prototype is refined to become functional and more appealing.
        
        Why do we need to create prototype?
        
        To ideate and problem solve
        
        To communicate with consumers
        
        To start a conversation with the consumers
        
        To test possibilities of the prototype
        
        Manage solution building process
        
        Fail quickly and cheaply
        
        How do we make a prototype?
        
        Start building the prototype from ideas you have brainstormed
        
        Do not spend too long on one prototype, as you may grow attach to it.
        
        Identify a variable.
        
        Build with a consumer in mind.
      - What is an Ideate Stage?
        
        It is about focusing on generating ideas you can come up with
        
        Does not matter whether your ideas are right or wrong.
        
        Being able to generate a variety of ideas and possibilities.
        
        Represents the process of diverging the concepts and outcomes.
      - Why should we ideate?
        
        We ideate in order to transit from being able to identify the problems, to creating solutions for your consumers.
        
        We ideate to arrive with the widest possible range of ideas we can select from, not trying to find the best solution to the consumers' problem.
        
        Sooner or later when it is discovered, we will do testing and receive feedbacks from the consumers themselves.
      - How do we Ideate?
        
        1st technique: Brainstorming
        
        Set of rules to remember when brainstorming:
        1) Be Visual
        2) Express your idea in one line, using HEADLINES
        3) One conversation at a time
        4) Stay on topic to prevent irrelevant details from being added in
        5) Encourage wild ideas
        6) Go for quantity for you to select varieties of them
        7) Defer judgement
        8) Build on the ideas of others
        
        By engaging, listening, and building on others' idea with your team, it allows you to conduct a brainstorm session that turns on the generative part of your brain to think up of ideas and turn down the explanatory parts of the brain.
        
        Goal is to come up with many ideas as possible without letting judgement stop you from brainstorming.
        
        Make up a short period of time to brainstorm your ideas while standing or sitting uprught.
        
        2nd technique: Sketch-Storming
        
        Express your ideas and solutions in a form of sketch instead of wording them out.
        
        Being able to visualise them helps to bring out new ideas and provide a wider lens of thinking.
        
        3rd technique: Body Storming
        
        Physically act out the ideas that you are innovating.
        
        Might involve expression solutions to ideas through physical activities or enact some of the problems that you are trying to solve.
        
        4th technique: Mind-mapping
        
        Create web of relationships between ideas and solutions you can think of
        
        5th technique: Prototyping
        
        During the process of physically making something out of your ideas, you will come to the point when decisions have to be made. There, new ideas will start flowing in.
    - - It is about bringing clarity and focus to your design space, by defining the challenge you encountered, based on what you have learnt about your consumer, and about the context.
    - - It is critical to the design process because it results in the POV of consumers which we wish to strive to address the problem consumers are facing
        
        The consumers' POV defines the right challenge to address, based on what you understand about the consumer and their problems.
  - - - Understand the way consumers do things and the reason they are doing it
        
        Physical and Emotional needs
        
        How do consumers' mindset works?
        
        What do consumers value the most?
  - - - 6 things to take note when interviewing a consumer...
        
        Engage
        
        Build rapport
        
        Listen more, talk less
        
        Ask why
        
        Ask open-ended questions
        
        Don't rush
        
        Engage
        
        Although this technique is called "interviewing", you should engage a casual conversation with the consumer instead of bombarding them with questions.
        
        Build rapport
        
        Remember to...
        
        Mirror their body language
        
        Ensure that your tone of voice is non
        judgemental or neutral curiosity
        
        Express a sincere interest towards the conversation.
        
        Listen more, Talk less
        
        Prepare some questions to ask the consumer, but expect that the conversation will deviate from the questions.
        
        Do not include your own judgement into the conversation
        
        Ask why
        
        Draw out past stories from the consumer, and make sure to always ask "why?" to dig deeper into their past story.
        
        Ask open-ended questions
        
        Remember to ask open-ended questions that includes: "How?", "When?", "Tell me about...", "Why?", "Show me".
        And make sure to ask for specific examples to fill in the lack of information.
        DO NOT ASK LEADING QUESTIONS.
        
        Don't rush
        
        When you rush or judge the consumer, they will feel pressured and not open up more about themselves.
        Make sure to keep the conversation natural and not rush them to finish up your list of questions.
    - - 4 things to take note of:
        
        Change of perspective
        
        Limiting yourself
        
        Engage in a related experience
        
        Doing it yourself
        
        Change of perspective
        
        Try to see from consumers' POV and see how they see the world.
        
        Limiting yourself
        
        Try undergo the same problem as what the consumer is experiencing (but not to an extent that u cause harm to yourself) and see what ideas there can be to solve the issue the consumer might be facing.
        
        Engage in a related experience
        
        In order to experience the same experience as the consumer, taking an injured person for an example, you can wax your hair on your hand to experience the same "injury" as the consumer and feel it as well instead of having real wounds.
        
        Doing it yourself
        
        Become the consumer him/herself and experience it.
- - - - Business
        
        Social Issues