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SOFTWARE - Coggle Diagram
SOFTWARE
Operating system
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Some computer systems, such as gaming consoles, have unique operating systems.
Windows, Mac OS X, Linux and iOS are a few examples of operating systems.
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Memory management
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When multiple processes are being run, the OS makes sure that each process has its data and instructions stored in a different memory location.
Hence, the processes do not interfere with each other.
In cases where processes need to share some data, these data are stored in a shared location.
buffer
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If the processor is sending data to an output device, it needs to wait for the hardware to complete its operation.
Buffers are temporary memory areas, which hold the data for the output hardware.
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Security utilities
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Encryption:
The data is encrypted when it is stored or when it is sent over a network.
This is done to protect the data from unauthorised access.
Anti-virus software:
Anti-virus software detects the malware and blocks its operation.
This type of software safely removes any file that could be a threat to the system.
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interrupt
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For example: When paper is jammed in a printer, the CPU prompts the user to check the status.
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Human-computer Interface
Graphical User Interface (GUI): Users are provided with an interactive environment based on icons, menus and tiles. Smartphones are an example of a GUI where users interact through a touchscreen. In computer systems, users interact with a GUI through a mouse and keyboard.
Command Line Interface (CLI):
A command-line interface is a non-graphical user interface where the user interacts with a text-only service. The feedback from the OS is also text information. The user needs to know the various commands to interact with the OS using a CLI. CLI is faster, more flexible and uses less memory compared to a GUI.
File management systems
In order to access a file, the OS needs to know the location of the file.
To retrieve data from the file, an OS needs to know:
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