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P5 (pressure in fluids, scalar and vector quantities, gravity, forces and…
P5
pressure in fluids
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upthrust
an object that is partly or completely submerged experiences a greater pressure on its bottom surface than on its top surface.
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if the upthrust is less than the weight of the object than it will sink, if the upthrust is more than the weight of the object it will float
atmospheric pressure
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as you go towards the atmosphere, the number of air molecules decreases, the weight of the air decreases and there is less air above the surface
sea level - 101,000Pa, plane - 27,000Pa
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gravity
all objects with mass produce a gravitational field. the more mass something has the greater its gravitational field will be.
weight is the force acting on an object due to gravity - weight can be measured with a newton meter. weight is a non-contact force
weight, mass and grav field strength
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calculating work done
work is done when energy is transferred from one store to another or when forces cause an object to move
when work is done against frictional forces working on an object, temperature increases
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resolving forces
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vector diagrams
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vertical component and horizontal component on an equal scale, draw a line across to find the combined effect
forces and elasticity
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hooke's law
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spring constant is the measure of the stiffness of a spring up until its limit of proportionality or elastic limit
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