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THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION, https://view.genial.ly/6230771e2a94810012d675a…
THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION
The Reformation was a religious movement which began in the first half of the 16th century
division of the Christian Church
founding of protestant churches
The causes of the Reformation
The bad example set by the high clergy
majority of those at the top of the hierarchy
occupied positions for their own gain
did not respect the customs or morals that they preached
The church's wealth
The high clergy lived a life of luxury
The church possessed extensive lands and taxed the humble population
It also obtained income by
arrying out religious sacraments
from the veneration
of holy relics
saints
the Virgin Mary
The buying and selling of ecclesiastical positions
These positions provided an income and economic rights
were therefore a way of getting rich
The sale of indulgences
When the church needed money
it sold indulgences
helped believers to be forgiven for their sins
The low clergy's lack of training
The church did not give much importance to the training of its priests
many of them did not behave appropriately.
LUTHER'S BREAK FROM ROME
Martin Luther published 95 Theses
criticising the sale of indulgences and other bad practices carried out by the ecclesiastical hierarchy.
the beginning of the Protestant Reformation.
Throughout the rest of his life
develop his ideas
Luther continued to criticise the Church
resulting in the Lutheran doctrine
His main principles were
Free interpretation of the Bible.
anyone could read and interpret the Bible in their own way
Forgiveness and salvation do not depend on the good deeds a person does in life
but on faith and God's will.
Rejection of the veneration of the Virgin Mary
Rejection of the sacraments, except for baptism and the Eucharist
Opposition to the Church owning property
and support for the nobles taking over the Church's possessions
THE SPREAD OF THE REFORMATION
Lutheranism spread rapidly across northern Europe
other reformers appeared with new doctrines
John Calvin
was a French theologian
spread a type of Protestantism from Geneva in Switzerland
predestination
people were destined for salvation or damnation from birth
Calvinism spread across Switzerland and to England (Puritans), Scotland (Presbyterians), France (Huguenots) and the north of the Low Countries
The Pope would not give his consent for King Henry VIII to divorce Catherine
in 1534
he broke with the Catholic Church and the Act of Supremacy was passed
he appointed himself head of the Church of England or Anglican Church
Ultricht Zwingli
was a Swiss pastor
who founded the Reformed Church in the city of Zurich
rejected the authority of the Pope
proposed abolishing religious imagery and celibacy among priests
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