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Comparing Animal and Plant Transport Systems - Coggle Diagram
Comparing Animal and Plant Transport Systems
Structure of the transport system
both systems use water for the basis for transport
both plant and mammals have more than one specialised type of cell
Animals
all cells are living
arteries have a smaller lumen than veins
Plants
phloem are living cells like all cells in mammalian system
xylems are dead lignified cells
what substances are transported
55% plasma
45% cells and fragments
what does the plasma do
maintains blood pressure
transports digestion products
transport waste products
transports proteins
transports hormones
transports inorganic ions
red blood cells contain haemoglobin
white blood cells attack pathogens
xylem carries water and minerals
phloem carries sucrose, amino acids, fatty acids, glycerol and hormones
mammals use blood for defence where as plants use different mechanisms not do with transport
the xylem in plant transport systems provides more structural support than the mammal transport system
transport mechanism
plants
water enters the xylem via the roots
water molecules diffusing out of the leaves is called transpiration
The loss of water off plant surfaces helps to maintain a concentration gradient
sucrose is made in the chloroplasts snd is transported to where it is needed for growth
active transport in the phloem requires energy
Mammals
double closed circulatory system
unless a blood vessels breaks or ruptures, blood will never come into contact with the cells
cells are covered by tissue fluid
veins return blood to the heart and back flow is prevented by valves
tissue fluid re-enters the blood via the lymph system or capillaries
requires ATP
control of transport
mammals
rate of blood flow is controlled by vasodilation and constriction
plants
Movement of substances in phloem can be controlled by the metabolic demands
the rate of transpiration can be controlled by the opening and closing of the stomata
Substances move slower in the xylem and phloem than in blood vessels