Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Periodic Table - Coggle Diagram
Periodic Table
Basics
Over 100 chemical elements
Arranged in order of increasing atomic number
Each has has one more proton than the element preceding it
Vertical columns = groups
Show how many outer electrons each atom has
Numbered 1-7
Final group = 0 or 8
Rows = periods
Show number of shells of electrons
Numbered 1-7
Electronic configurations
Represent electronic structure of atoms using electron shell diagrams
Electrons orbit the nucleus in shells
Each shell = different amount of energy
Further away from the nucleus = more energy a shell has
Electrons first occupy shell closet to the nucleus
Can hold a max. of 2 electrons
When a shell becomes full of electrons, additional electrons have to be added to the next shell
Second and third shell can hold 8 electrons each
Outermost shell = valence shell
More stable = completely fill this shell with electrons
Most atoms = outermost shell not full
Atoms react with other atoms = full outer shell of electrons
Some cases - atoms lose electrons to entirely empty this shell = next shell below becomes a (full) outer shell
Number of notations = number of shells = period
Last notation = number of outer electrons = group