Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Nucleotides 核苷酸, DNA, 注意：五碳糖接在含碳鹼基的Ｎ上, Hydrolysis水解 of RNA, Messenger RNA,…

- - - - Tm depends on DNA length.
      - • Tm depends on pH and ionic strength.
      - The midpoint of melting (Tm) depends on base composition.
      - AT雙氫鍵 CG三氫鍵也會有溫度差別
- - - - Form
        
        Differ in Some Nucleic acids and Nucleotides
        
        五碳糖的內凹外凸性
    - - Purine 嘌呤
        
        adenine
        
        guanine
      - Pyrimidine 嘧啶
        
        Cytosine
        
        Thymine （ DNA ）
        
        Uracil （RNA.）
      - UV Absorption
        
        UV light at 250–270 nm
        
        Excited states
        
        effective photoprotection of genetic material
        
        no fluorescence from nucleic acids
  - - - Negatively charged at neutral pH
    - - three phosphates used for building nucleic acids form a leaving group ( α β γ )
      - Monophosphate Group in Different Positions 單一磷酸根可接在不同處 :warning:
      - Nucleic acids are built using the 5’-triphosphates version of the nucleotide. 大多接在5號碳
- - - - DNA backbone is fairly stable.
      - RNA backbone is unstable.
- - - - 切法
        
        Some make straight cuts.
        
        blunt ends 平平的切沒有凸端
        
        Some make staggered cuts.
        
        sticky ends 會有凹凸端崎嶇
      - Cleave DNA phosphodiester bonds at specific sequence
      - DNA Ligase DNA連接酶
        
        Human DNA ligase uses ATP.
        
        Bacterial DNA ligase uses NAD
        
        Enzyme that covalently joins two DNA fragments