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The Nobel Prize, CT7A Catherine Nora - Coggle Diagram

- - - - In 1900, King Oscar II of Sweden promulgated the new regulations of the Nobel Foundation.
      - On December 10, 1901, the Nobel Prize was awarded for the first time on the fifth anniversary of Nobel's death.
      - In 1916, the Nobel Prize in physics was not awarded due to World War I.
      - In 1931, the Nobel Prize in physics was not awarded due to the insufficient contribution of the candidates.
      - In 1934, the Nobel Prize in physics was not awarded due to the insufficient contribution of the candidates.
      - From 1940 to 1942, the Nobel Prize in physics was not awarded due to the second world war [4].
      - In 1962, the Nobel physics prize presentation ceremony was held in Moscow due to the physical reasons of Lev Davidovich Landau. The Swedish ambassador to the Soviet Union awarded the prize on behalf of the king.
- - - - David W.C. MacMillan 2021
  - - - The Nobel Prize in chemistry is one of the five Nobel prizes established according to Nobel's will in 1895. The prize aims to reward scientists who have made the most important discoveries or inventions in the field of chemistry
  - - - In 1900, King Oscar II of Sweden promulgated the new regulations of the Nobel Foundation.
        
        On December 10, 1901, the Nobel Prize in chemistry was awarded for the first time on the fifth anniversary of Nobel's death.
        
        In 1916 and 1917, the Nobel Prize in chemistry was not awarded due to World War I.
        
        In 1938, Germany's Richard Kuhn won the prize and was prevented by his government from accepting the prize.
        
        In 1939, Adolf Friedrich Johann boutenant of Germany won the prize and was prevented by his government from accepting the prize.
        
        From 1940 to 1942, the Nobel Prize in chemistry was not awarded due to the Second World War
- - - - In 1900, King Oscar II of Sweden promulgated the new regulations of the Nobel Foundation.
      - On December 10, 1901, the Nobel Peace Prize was awarded for the first time on the fifth anniversary of Nobel's death.
      - In 1935, Karl von ositsky was unable to attend to receive the award because Germany refused to issue him a passport
      - In 1961, DAG Hammarskj ö LD died before the award, and the Committee awarded him the award [7].
      - In 1973, Vietnamese politician Le Deshou refused to accept the Nobel Peace Prize. He was the only one who refused the prize [8].
      - In 1975, Andrei dmitrievich Sakharov was unable to attend to receive the award because the then Soviet government refused to issue him a passport [9].
      - In 1991, Aung San Suu Kyi was unable to attend to receive the award because she was under house arrest by the Myanmar government. After being released and elected as a member of Parliament, she personally received the award on June 16, 2012 [10-11].
      - On June 10, 2007, Archbishop Desmond Tutu's Nobel Peace Prize medal was stolen from his home in Soweto and returned to its owner by the police on June 16. On June 17, the Nobel Peace Prize medal won by the late Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat was stolen in the chaos in Gaza [12].
      - On April 3, 2013, Arthur Henderson's Nobel Peace Prize medal was stolen in Newcastle, UK
- - - - On December 10, 1901, the Nobel Prize for literature was awarded for the first time on the fifth anniversary of Nobel's death.
      - In 1914 and 1918, the Nobel Prize for literature was not awarded due to the first World War.
      - In 1931, Eric Axel calfield won the Nobel Prize for literature after his death. He is the first posthumous winner [5].
      - From 1940 to 1943, the Nobel Prize for literature was not awarded due to the Second World War.
      - In 1958, Russian born Boris leonidovich Pasternak had to refuse to receive the award in the face of pressure from the Soviet government.
      - The Nobel Prize official website announced that Mo Yan won the prize
      - The Nobel Prize official website announced that Mo Yan won the prize
      - In 1964, Jean Paul Sartre refused to accept any award in his life, so he also refused to accept the Nobel Prize for literature [5].
      - In 1974, the constitution of the Nobel Foundation stipulated that the Nobel Prize cannot be posthumously awarded unless it is declared dead [5].
      - On October 11, 2012, the Swedish Academy of Arts announced that Chinese writer Mo Yan won the 2012 Nobel Prize for literature, and Mo Yan became the first Chinese writer to win the Nobel Prize for literature [2].
      - On May 4, 2018, due to the storm of sexual scandal, the Swedish Academy of Arts cancelled the awarding of the Nobel Prize for literature in 2018 and kept it until 2019 [10].
      - On October 10, 2019, the Swedish Academy of Arts announced that it would award the 2018 Nobel Prize for literature to Olga tokalchuk and the 2019 Nobel Prize for literature to Peter handek [11].
      - On October 7, 2021, abdulrazak gurnah won the 2021 Nobel Prize for literature
- - - - David Card 2021
    - - In 1968, the Swedish central bank added "prize in economic science dedicated to the memory of Alfred Nobel" to commemorate Alfred Bernhard Nobel (hereinafter referred to as Nobel) [3] on its 300th anniversary, Hereinafter referred to as the Nobel Prize in Economics (in fact, the official full name of the prize has been changing. See the last part of the catalogue for details).
        
        In 1969, the Nobel Prize in economics was awarded for the first time by lonner Frisch of Norway and Jane diembergen of the Netherlands. They won a total of 375000 SEK (equivalent to 2871041 SEK in December 2007) [7].
        
        In 2001, the Nobel Prize in economics reached SEK 10 million (about US $1.36 million at the exchange rate in November 2014), which is equal to the amount of the first five Nobel prizes [8].
        
        In 2006, the Swedish central bank allocated SEK 6.5 million to the Nobel Foundation every year to pay the selection and management expenses of the prize, and an additional SEK 1 million to make the relevant information of the prize included on the Nobel Foundation's official website
    - - The Nobel Prize in economics, officially known as "Alfred Nobel Prize in economics commemorated by the Central Bank of Sweden", aims to reward people who have made outstanding contributions in the field of economics. Although this award does not belong to the five awards mentioned in the Nobel will in 1895, it is generally considered that this award has the same status as the five awards
- - - - one of the recipients
        
        David Julius 2021
    - - On November 27, 1895, Alfred Bernhard Nobel (hereinafter referred to as Nobel) signed his last will one year before his death at the Swedish Norwegian club in Paris. According to the final will, his legacy will be used to establish a series of awards for those who "make the greatest contribution to mankind" in physics, chemistry, peace, physiology or medicine and literature. The assets used to set up five Nobel prizes account for 94% of the total assets of Nobel, i.e. SEK 31 million [1].
        
        On April 26, 1897, Nobel's will was passed and executed by the Norwegian Parliament. The executors, lonner solman and Rudolf lilljequist, established the Nobel Foundation to manage the inheritance and bonuses. After the will was passed, Parliament appointed Karolinska college in Sweden, a medical school and Research Center, to be responsible for physiology or medicine awards. The Nobel Foundation subsequently reached an agreement on the criteria for awarding the Nobel Prize.
        
        In 1900, King Oscar II of Sweden promulgated the new regulations of the Nobel Foundation.
        
        On December 10, 1901, the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine was awarded for the first time on the fifth anniversary of Nobel's death.
        
        From 1915 to 1918, the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine was not awarded due to World War I.
        
        In the list of candidates for the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine in 1935 [6], Chinese modern medicine pioneer and founder of China's quarantine [7] is listed. In his introduction, the column of "country" is filled with "China". The reason for the nomination of [6] is his outstanding achievements in the practice and research of pulmonary plague prevention, and the role of marmot (marmot) in its transmission. [7]
        
        In 1939, Adolf Hitler's Nazi Germany banned Gerhard domac from accepting the award. Later, Gerhard domac accepted the award certificate and medal, but did not accept the prize.
        
        From 1940 to 1942, the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine was not awarded due to the second world war [4].
        
        In 2015, Tu Youyou, a Chinese pharmacist, shared the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine with William Campbell, an Irish medical scientist, and Chi Nomura, a Japanese scientist. Tu youyou became the first Chinese native scientist to win the prize
    - - The Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine is one of the five Nobel prizes established according to the will of Nobel (1833-1896) in 1895. The prize aims to commend people who have made important discoveries or inventions in the field of Physiology or medicine