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Proteins - Coggle Diagram
Proteins
structure
Monomer
Amino acids
Hydrophilic
Has OH or NH
Special cases
Glycine
Only has a H in the R group
Proline
Cysteine
Forms disulfides bonds
Hydrophobic
Has only hydrocarbons
Bonds
Peptide bonds
Hierarchy
Secondary structure
Has localized folds
Alpha helix
H bond between C=O and NH of peptide bond
Beta pleated sheet
Tertiary structure
Large scale folding and has a globular shape
Held together by
Hydrophobic interactions
Hydrogen bonds
Ionic bonds
Disulfide linkages
Primary structure
Held by peptide bonds
Shows sequence, type and number of amino acids in the polypeptide
Quaternary structure
Two or more folded polypeptides interacting with each other.
Held together by
Denaturation
Protein loses its shape as it unfolds
Due to high heat
Increase in thermal energy results in increase kinetic energy which leads to increase in vibrations
Bonds destablised
Hydrophobic interactions
Ionic bonds
H bonds
Disulfide linkages
Due to low pH levels
H plus ions released. Will group around negative ion and break the bond
H bonds broken
Ionic bonds broken