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history, Medising, reasons for greek victory, key people - Coggle Diagram

- - - - ionian revolt (493)
        
        battle of marathon (490)
        
        Battle of Thermopylae (480)
        
        battle of salamis (480)
        
        battle of plataea (479)
        
        .
  - - - 490 BCE
      - athens victory over persians
      - Athenians charge Persians as soon as they got off ships (meant they didn't have enough time to sort out cavalry)
      - Athenians charged in full armour (Herodotus) - Persians retreat to ships and then sail to athens while the Athenians are out
      - messenger run to warn athens, army march and arrive before the persians
    - - almost didn't happen, the greeks wanted to retreat back to the Peloponnese, but Themistocles and Athenians stopped this as pointed out that everyone would medise one by one
      - greeks sent a informant to Xerxes to say that they were going to sail. this resulted in the Persians staying up all night in ambush on their ships - Greek forced were well rested
      - Persian ships were then stuck in a narrow channel and the greeks defeated them there
      - Xerxes watches from onshore, concerned greeks will cut ties of Hellespont he treats
    - - Hellenic league vs. Persians
      - Leonidas and his 300 spartans held ranks while other Greeks retreated
      - days 1-2 hoplite army hold passage, but day 3 persians find the route around from help of a traitor
      - the phocians who were supposed to defend the second route thought the persians were attacking them and moved to higher ground for a last battle, but the persians just walked past through the free passage
    - - Hellenic league vs. persians
      - battle happened where the persian retreated to
      - greeks and Persians in a stalemate as neither wanted to be the first to move. this ended when the greeks ran out of food so turned around to re supply, however persians mistook this as retreating so went to attack. Greeks turned around and had hoplites ready to go
      - Spartans were the last to join the fight, this is because they were performing rituals and didn't join in until they had received a good omen from a sacrifice
- - - - It sought out to move past old rivalries so they could unify. Also aimed to sort out who would control the force.
      - Helped re-establish inter state connections and unify their intentions so that they knew what eachothers plans were so pretty successful.
    - - Put penalties in place for poleis that decided to medise,
      - Was a good deterrent for the mid-south of greece but it was already too late for some of the north to join in