Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

THE STRUCTURE OF MATTER, Die 0, + en - is superscripts, e, μ en T is…

- - - - Six types/flavours: up (u), down (d), strange (s), charm (c), bottom (b) and top (t)
        
        Combine to form hadrons
        
        Quark + Antiquark = Meson
        
        Three quarks = Baryon
        
        Examples: Protons (uud) and Neutrons (udd)
      - Quark confinement
        
        Quarks are always found in combination with another quark or an antiquark.
    - - Six types: electrons, muons and tau's each with its neutrino
    - - Mediates the force between particles
        
        Four fundamental forces, each with own range and particles they act on
        
        Gravitational force
        
        Graviton
        
        Acts on particles with mass
        
        Infinite range
        
        Weak over large distances
        
        Electromagnetic force
        
        Photon
        
        Acts on particles with charge
        
        Infinite range
        
        Fairly weak
        
        Weak nuclear force
        
        W and Z bosons
        
        Acts on quarks and leptons
        
        Small range 10^-18 m
        
        Fairly strong
        
        Strong nuclear force
        
        Gluons / mesons
        
        Acts on quarks and particles made from them
        
        Small range 10^-15m
        
        Strong within range
      - Virtual particles
        
        They are not detected during the exchange
      - Types of bosons include
        
        o Gluons - the exchange particle of the strong nuclear force.
        
        o Photons - the exchange particle of the electromagnetic force.
        
        o Z0, W+, and W– Bosons - associated with the weak nuclear interaction.
        
        o Higgs Boson - the quantum of the Higgs field, it allows for the high masses of the W and Z bosons.
        
        o Gravitons - (undiscovered) are theorized to be the exchange particle of the gravitational force
- - - - Lepton number must be conserved seperately for the differnet families of leptons
        
        the tau-lepton number Lτ
        
        electron-lepton number Le
        
        muon-lepton number Lμ