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Music in 19 and 20 centuries - Coggle Diagram

- - - - The emancipation of the rhythm. Igor Stravinsky
      - The use of new sounds or noises in musical composition. Edgar Varèse
      - The expansions or abandonment of tonality. Arnold Schoenberg
    - - Futurism
        
        This movement emerged in Italy. Noise, wich was previously not apreciated in musical art, was added as raw material compositions. Sounds of the industry, railways, machinery, etc. Key representatives were Luigi russolo, Edgar Varèse and George Antheil.
      - Neoclassicism
        
        A reaction of musical experimentation, neoclassicism sought simplicity and variety and uses styles and forms from the history of music. Paul Hindemith and Carl Orff.
      - Post-Romanticism
        
        the style was developed in Germany, following the musical heritagebof German Romanticism and particularly Richard Wagner. Richard Strauss and Gustav Mahler stand out.
      - Expressionism
        
        Emerging in Germany in the 1920s, expressionism sought to express human psychology vividly and violenty, sometimes grotesquely. Alban Berg, Arnold Schoenberg and Anton von Webern.
  - - - Some composers create musical graphs
      - Atonality
      - In some styles, the main melody disappeared
      - Rhythmically
      - The introduction of new timbres
    - - Serialism
        
        This thecnique of compositions applies series of values to different musical elements, such as pitch or duration. The main composers are Pierre Boulez, Karlheinz and Luigi Nono
- - - - The Americas: Composers were interested in music with its own roots
      - Hungary: B. Bartok
      - Scandinavia: The main composer was E.Grieg
      - Spain
        
        In the late 19 century, anumber of Spanish composers attempt to recover their past and musical identity.They fail the attempt to create Spanish opera until middle 20 century.
        
        The following composers were: Isaac Albéniz, Enrique Granados, Manuel de Falla and Joaquín Turina, among others.
      - Bohemia: The use of traditional melodies and dances
      - Russia: the circle of composers know as "The five"
    - - It is rooted in cultural self-assertion in countries on the periphery of Europe
      - The use of extra-musical elements: legends, historical events...
      - Use of musical elements (harmony, scales...) that identify with the composer's home countryor that provide inspiration for original works
      - The consolidation of program music, specially in short pianoworks in minor forms and in orchestral pieces in form of the symphonic poem.
  - - - In 1872, Claude Monet painted a work that reflected the impression caused by the rising sun in a fog over a river.
      - This work was exhibited at the first Impresionist exhibition in 1874, and monet himself suggested the tittle of impressionism, Sunrise.
      - Cézanne, Degas and Renoir, Monet
    - - Ancient, is traditional and exotic modes
      - Sound aries from ambiguous chords without a defined key
      - The musical atmosphere is vague
      - Composition is organised in very free forms
      - The melody is not highlighted