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Actus Reus: Omissions - Coggle Diagram

- - - - A duty that has been voluntarily accepted - if you voluntarily accept responsibility for another, you may be imposed with a duty to act regarding that person's welfare. Example; stone & dobinson
      - A duty because of an official position - if someone is in a position of authority there may be a duty to act. Example; police
      - A duty because of a contract - this is where D is under a contractual duty to act (normally because of their job) and if they fail to do do, they may be liable. Example; Adomako
      - A duty because of a dangerous situation - if D has created a dangerous situation which creates a risk to another's life or property, then they are under a duty to stop or limit the results of their actions. Example Miller
      - A duty of care because of a special relationship. Example; Gibbins v Proctor