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The Life-Span Perspective Through Development - Coggle Diagram

- - - - "The mistaken belief that unusual behavior or conditions are necessarily inferior." (p. 11).
      - People tend to think their community, religion, or social group is the best or superior to others.
    - - People in India eat with their hands. It is a cultural difference not a deficit
  - - - "People whose ancestors were born in the same part of the world, often sharing language, culture, and religion." (Berger et al., 2020, p. 12).
      - People can share ethnicity and have different cultures.
    - - "Categorizing people based on inherited traits. Anthropologists and biologists no longer think race is a valid biological concept, although it is a powerful social construction." (Berger et al., 2020, p. 12).
      - Focuses on biological traits that were inherited, but is NOT considered a biological concept. However, it is a part of the social construct.
      - Used to be categorized by the color of a person's skin. This would be black, white, red, and yellow. (This is offensive.)
- - - - A hard day for an adult might result impatience with their kids
    - - Childhood social play can impacts adult work habits
  - - - "A perspective on human development that considers all of the influences from the various contexts of development." (Berger et al., 2020, p. 9).
      - Also knowns as Bioecological Theory
    - - "In Bronfenbrenner’s ecological approach, the immediate social contexts that directly affect each person, such as family, peer group, work team." (Berger et al., 2020, p. 9).
      - Examples
        
        Family
        
        Peer group and friends
        
        Neighbors
      - Direct Influences
    - - "In Bronfenbrenner’s ecological approach, the community institutions that affect the immediate contexts, such as churches and temples, schools and colleges, hospitals and courts." (Berger et al., 2020, p. 9).
      - Examples
        
        School
        
        Work
        
        Religion
        
        Neighborhood
      - Systems of Interactions
    - - "In Bronfenbrenner’s ecological approach, the overarching national or cultural policies and customs that affect the more immediate systems, such as the effect of the national economy on local hospitals (an exosystem) or on families (a microsystem)" (Berger et al., 2020, p. 9).
      - Examples
        
        Cultural Values
        
        Economic policies
        
        Political processes
        
        Social Condions
        
        Medical Institutions
    - - "In Bronfenbrenner’s ecological approach, the impact of historical conditions (wars, inventions, policies) on the development of people who live in that era." (Berger et al., 2020, p. 9).
      - Examples
        
        Historical Context
        
        Wars
        
        Changes over time
      - Time System & History
    - - "In Bronfenbrenner’s ecological approach, a connection between one system and another, such as parent–teacher conferences (connecting home and school) or workplace schedules (connecting family and job)." (Berger et al., 2020, p. 9).
      - Examples
        
        Connections between home and school
        
        Connecting family and job
        
        Connecting religion and school
      - Connections between other systems
  - - - "People born within the same historical period who therefore move through life together, experiencing the same events, technologies, and cultural shifts at the same ages. For example, the effect of the Internet varies depending on what cohort a person belongs to." (Berger et al., 2020, p. 10).
    - - Like popular names
      - Technology
  - - - "A person’s position in society as determined by income, occupation, education, and place of residence." (Berger et al., 2020, p. 10).
      - This changes over time
      - Reflects education, occupation, neighborhood, and income
- - - - Economics
      - Sociology
      - History
    - - Neuroscience
      - Medicine
      - Biology
        
        Genetics
        
        Identical twins (with the same genes) still have their differences.
        
        Genes do affect behavior, but it does not solely determine who we are or what we are going to do with the rest of our lives.
    - - Psychology
      - Linguistics (Language)
      - Education
- - - - "A view of human development as an ongoing, ever-changing interaction between the physical, cognitive, and psychosocial influences. This approach recognizes that development is never static." (Berger et al., 2020, p. 14).
    - - Role of Child -> Role of Adult -> Role of a Parent -> Role of Grandparent
      - This could be in family life, social life, and professional life