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THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION, image, image, image, image, image, image,…
THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION
PROTESTANT REFORMATION
what was the protestan reformation
religious movement
that separated the Christian church
and instigated the creation of the protestant churches
it started in the 16th century
CAUSES
5 causes:
the church's wealth
high clergy lived a luxury life
the church had extensive lands
the church taxed the humble population
obtained income
carry out religious sacraments
veneration of holy relics
veneration of saints
veneration of Virgin Mary
the buying and selling of ecclesiastical positions
these positions provided
economic rights
a way of becoming richer
income
the bad example set by the high clergy
the ones at the top occupied important positions
for their own gain
not respect the customs or morals they preached
the sale of indulgences
when they needed money
sold indulgences
helped delivers to be forgiven for their sins
the low clergy's lack of training
no importance to the training of priests
the priests did not behave appropriately
LUTHER'S BREAK FROM ROME
Luther
scandalized by the corruption
published 95 Theses in 1517
criticising the sale of indulgences and bad practices
marked the beginning of the Protestant Reformation
he continue developing his ideas
Lutheran doctrine
his principles were
rejection of
veneration of Virgin Mary
saints
holy relics
sacraments
except
Eucharist
baptisim
forgiveness and salvation
depended on
faith
God's will
opposition to
church owning property
support for nobles taking Church's possessions
Free interpretation of the Bible
people should interpret the Bible in their own way
he initiated the translation of the Bible t
IMPORTANT!
1522
Luther translates the Bible into German
1536
Lutheranism spreads
Norway
Denmark
1521
Pope demands Luther to retract at the Diet of Worms
he refuses and is expelled from the Empire
1556-1562
Eradication of the Lutheranism (Spain)
1517
Luther publishes 95 Theses
THE SPREAD OF THE REFORMATION
spread rapidly across Northern Europe
Denmark
Low Countries
Scandinavian Peninsula
Germany
new doctrines appeared
Jhon Calvin's doctrine
French theologian
spread a type of Prontestantism
In Genenva
his beliefs
based on predestination
people were destined from birth to
damnation
salvation
spread across
Scotland
France
England
Switzerland
Low Countries
Henry VIII doctrine
he wanted to divorce his wife
the Pope didn't give his consent
he broke with the Catholic Church in 1534
he created his own Church
the Anglican Church or Church of England
he named himself head of this Church
Ultrich Zwingli's doctrine
Swiss pastor
founded the Protestan Church in Zurich
his doctrine
rejected authority of the Pope
obolished religious imagery
abolished celibacy among priests
