Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis

Descriptive Statistics

Probability Calculus

Inference

Data

setup

Observation ω

Sample \( S = { \omega_1, \omega_2, \ldots, \omega_n } \subseteq \Omega \)

Population \( \Omega \)

variables

statistical variable \(X\)

types

ordinalilty

quantitative

qualitative

has a natural order

no natural ordering

continuity

discrete

continuous

measurable quantity

scales

nominal scale

values cannot be ordered

ordinal scale

values can be ordered

differences between values not meaningful

continuous scale

values can be ordred

differences between values are meaningful