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Ch 6 Respiratory System, End of Conducting Division, Start of Respiratory…
Ch 6 Respiratory System
Lower Respiratory Tract
Trachea
Trachealis Muscle
Mucociliary escalator
Ciliated pseudostratified epithelium
Carina
Bronchial Tree
Lobar/secondary bronchi
Segmental/tertiary bronchi
Main/primary bronchi
Terminal bronchioles
Respiratory bronchioles
Alveolar sacs
Alveoli
Lungs
5 lobes
Right Lung - 3 lobes
Horizontal fissure
Oblique fissure
3 lobar/secondary bronchi
Left Lung - 2 lobes
Oblique fissure
2 lobar/secondary bronchi
Cardiac impression/notch
Pleural membranes
Visceral pleura
Parietal pleura
Hilum
Upper Respiratory Tract
Nasal Cavity
Nasal Conchae
Mucous Membranes
Olfactory mucosa
Respiratory mucosa
Nasal Meatuses
Pharynx ("Throat")
Laryngopharynx
Stratified squamous epithelium
Nasopharynx
Uvula
Oropharynx
Stratified squamous epithelium
Larynx
Glottis
True vocal cords
Vestibular folds/False vocal cords
Epiglottis
9 Cartilages
Paired
Cuneiform cartilage
Corniculate cartilage
Arytenoid cartilage
Unpaired
Thyroid cartilage
Epiglottic cartilage
Cricoid cartilage
Nose
Inferior half
Superior half
Ala nasi
Breathing Mechanics
Exhalation
Passive process
Thoracic cavity area/volume - decreases
Alveolar pressure increases: 760 to 762 mmHg
Forced Exhalation
Internal intercostal muscles
Inhalation
Active process
Diaphragm contracts (flattens)
External intercostal muscles
Thoracic cavity area/volume - increases
Alveolar pressure decreases: 760 to 758 mmHg
Oxygen Dissociation Curve
Left Shift
More basic blood pH
Lower partial pressure of CO2
Lower body temperature
Right Shift
More acidic blood pH
Higher partial pressure of CO2
Higher body temperature
% Saturation of Hb
Highest - blood in lungs
Lowest - blood in active tissue
End of Conducting Division
Start of Respiratory Division
Start of Conducting Division
Anatomical and Functional Divisions
Respiratory Physiology