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Lipids - Coggle Diagram

- - - - vitamins A and D
- - - - phosphatidylethanolamine
      - in vertebrate heart tissue
    - - phosphatidylcholine
      - Stimulates aggregation of blood platelets
      - Plays role in mediation of inflammation
  - - - abundant in myelin sheath that surrounds some nerve cells in animals
  - - - no active glycosyltransferase
        
        O antigen
      - N-acetylgalactosamine groupt
        
        A blood group
      - galactose group
        
        B blood group
  - - - present in the
        membranes of most eukaryotic cells
        
        modulate fluidity and permeability
        
        thicken the plasma membrane
        
        no sterols in most bacteria
      - Mammals obtain cholesterol from food or synthesize it de novo in the liver
        
        transported to tissues via blood vessels.
        
        低密度脂蛋白中的膽固醇傾向於沉積
        和阻塞動脈。
    - - oxidized derivatives of sterols
      - lack the alkyl chain found in cholesterol
      - more polar than cholesterol
      - synthesized from cholesterol in gonads and adrenal glands
      - 它們在血液中通過身體攜帶，通常附著在載體蛋白上。
      - 許多類固醇激素是男性和女性性激素。
- - - - carbonyl carbon
    - - terminal methyl
        
        Omega-3 fatty acids
        
        Humans need them but cannot synthesize them.
        
        ALA, DHA, and EPA.
  - - - decreases as the chain
        length increases
    - - decreases as the chain length decreases
      - decreases as the
        number of double bonds increases
        
        Unsaturated cis fatty acids have a lower melting point
  - - - increase shelf life or stability at high temperature
- - - - Fatty acids carry more energy per carbon because they are more reduced
      - nonpolar, long-term (months) energy needs, good storage,slow delivery
- - - - 參與信號傳導的其他激素的前體
    - - Vitamin K1: a blood-clotting cofactor (phylloquinone)
      - Warfarin: a blood anticoaqulant