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Evolution - Coggle Diagram

- - - - more offspring.
- - - - evolution: A change in the inherited
      - characteristics of populations from one generation
        
        to the next.
      - mutation: A change in the DNA of a gene that
      - may lead to a different trait.
- - - - ring species: series of neighboring populations which can breed with closely related populations, but the two "end" populations are too distantly related to breed.
        
        may lead to a different trait.
        
        mutation: A change in the DNA of a gene that
        
        evolution: A change in the inherited
        
        characteristics of populations from one generation to the next.
        
        Explain how environmental factors, genetic variation, and natural selection resulted in the evolution of the 13 Galapagos finch species observed today, when originally there was just one finch species on the islands?Environmental factors in the evolution of finches is interesting .How it works is that the favored to larger beak birds by making hard seeds so more big beak birds will survive.So the big beak birds will reproduce and their will be a big percentage of big beak birds.In genetic variation so that allowed different finch species to utilize food from various sources.The natural selection helped because overtime the finches adapted to the environment to fit in.
      - species form.
      - speciation: The process by which
      - potentially interbreed in nature.
      - species: A group of individuals that
- - - - fossil: Any trace of a living organism (body,
        
        part of body, burrow, footprint, etc.) preserved
      - over time.
      - law of superposition: A basic law stating that
        
        in any undisturbed sequence of rocks
      - deposited
      - in layers, the youngest layer is on top and the
        
        oldest on bottom.
      - paleontologist: A scientist who studies fossils.
      - stratigraphic column: A diagram representing
      - a series of rock layers.
- - - - genes.
    - - :
- - - - Exotic species - Species that is introduced usually by
        
        human action into a new habitat where it may lack
        
        WHAT ARE THE THREATS?
        
        Major threats to biodiversity are:
        
        • Habitat destruction and degradation
        
        • Over-exploitation (extraction, hunting, fishing etc.)
        
        • Pollution
        
        • Disease
        
        • Invasive species
        
        • Global climate change (changes in migratory species
        
        , coral bleaching)
        
        Background extinction rate, or normal extinction rate, refers to the number of species that would be expected to go extinct over a period of time, based on non-human factors.
        
        The background extinction rate is often measured for a specific classification and over a particular period of time.
        
        For example, 1 species of bird would be expected to go extinct every 400 years. Sometimes it’s given using the unit “millions of species years (MSY)” which refers to the number of extinctions expected per 10,000 species per 100 years.
        
        Scientists calculate background extinction using the fossil record to first count how many distinct species existed in a given time and place, and then to identify which ones went extinct.
      - local predators and out-compete native species.
      - Habitat loss - Destruction of Earth’s natural habitats
        
        due to human actions such as agriculture, forestry,
        
        mining, and urbanization.
      - Sixth mass extinction - Current mass extinction;
      - caused primarily by human actions.