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MALE AND FEMALE HORMONAL DRUGS Cover_pill_bathroom_black-1 - Coggle…
MALE AND FEMALE HORMONAL DRUGS 
Aldactone
Mechanism of action
It is a specific pharmacologic antagonist of aldosterone, acting primarily through competitive binding of receptors at the aldosterone-dependent sodium-potassium exchange sitein the distal convoluted renal tubule. aldactone causes increased amounts of sodium and water to be excreted, while potassium is retained. aldactone acts both as a diuretic and as an antihypertensive drug by this mechanism. It may begiven alone or with other diuretic agents that act more
proximally in the renal tubule.
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Nursing considerations
Contraindications
is contraindicated for patients with anuria, acute renal insufficiency, significant impairment of renal excretory function, hyperkalemia, Addison's disease, and with concomitant use of eplerenone.
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ESTRIOL(ESTROGEN)
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Mechanism of action
Cancer cells and tissues often have high metabolic rates. this
may result in a demand for oxygen and nutrients exceeding the supply. As a result these tissues are characterized by the
presence of hypoxia which is also the primary factor controlling angiogenesis. Under hypoxic conditions, hypoxia inducible factor binds to the hypoxia response element present in the VEGF gene, thus inducing the transcription of
VEGF protein. Circulating VEGF binds to VEGF receptor VEGFR)-1 and VEGFR-2 and to its coreceptors neuropilin (NRP)-1 and NRP-2 with high binding affinity . These receptors are expressed on the surface of endothelial cells,
and they play a critical role in the development of angiogenesis by stimulating the recruitment and proliferation
of endothelial cells.
Bevacizumab acts by selectively binding circulating VEGF,
thereby inhibiting the binding of VEGF to its cell surface receptors. This inhibition leads to a reduction in
microvascular growth of tumor blood vessels and thus limits the blood supply to tumor tissues. These effects also lower
tissue interstitial pressure increase vascular permeability, may increase delivery of chemotherapeutic agents, and favor
apoptosis of tumor endothelial cells.
Indications
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Persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer
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Nursing considerations
Contraindications
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If you have or have ever had a blood clot in a vein, such as in the legs
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If you have or ever have had a liver disease and your liver function tests have not returned to normal
Side effects
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increased vaginal discharge, bleeding or spotting
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