Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Macro vascular complication - Coggle Diagram
Macro vascular complication
Pathophysiology
Increased angiotensin II and activation of activated protein increases inflammation
Which results in the release of chemokines, cytokines and expression of cellular adhesion molecules
Decreased nitric oxide, activated nuclear factor-KB
Decreased nitric oxide increases tissue factor
This results in hypertension and vascular smooth muscle growth
Increased plasminogen activates inhibitor 1 and decreases prostacyclin resulting in thrombosis
Firstly reduced nitric oxide, increased endothelin and increased angiotensin cause vasoconstriction
Hypercoagulation, platelet activation and decreased fibrinolysis.
These pathways lead to atherosclerosis. the cause of the macrovascular complication of diabetes
Definition
Macrovascular complications are primary diseases of the coronary ateries, peripheral ateries and cerebrovascular disease which may lead to death in diabetic patients.
Nusing care plan
Exercise regularly to maintain a healthy
Advise a patient to eat a proper diet that will not trigger blood sugar level to rise up
Discourage smoking
Strictly monitor blood sugar level
signs and symptoms
Body and joints weakness
Slurred speech
Dizziness
Visual loss
Causes
Prolonged damage of blood vessels