P11 - Wave properties

Nature of waves

Properties of waves

More about waves

Longitude waves oscillate parallel to the direction of energy transfer of the waves. Sound waves in are a longitude waves

Mechanical waves need a medium to travel through. They can be transverse or longitude waves.

Transverse waves oscillate perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer of the waves, ripples on the surface of water are transverse waves. So are all electromagnetic waves

Waves can be used to transfer energy and information.

A wave = 1/frequency

For any wave, its wavelength is the distance from a point on the wave to the equivalent point on the next wave e.g. from one wave through to the next

For any wave, its frequency is the number of waves passing a point per second.

Speed of a wave

For any waves, its amplitude is the maximum displacement of a point on the wave from its undistributed position, such as the height of the wave crest (or the depth of the wave trough) from the position at rest

Sound waves cannot travel through a vacuum (e.g outer space)

To investigate waves use; a ripple tank for water, a stretched string for waves in a solid, a signal generator and loudspeaker for sound waves

Sound waves are vibrations that travel through a medium

v = f x A

v = wave speed, m/s

f = frequency, hertz, Hz

A = wavelength, m