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:sunflower: Biology Spring Term :sunflower:, Digesting (glucose) and…
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Biology Spring Term
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Food chains and webs
Producer
Prey
Predator
An animal that eats other animals
An animal that gets eaten by another animal
Plants
Food chain
A diagram that shows the transfer of energy between organisms
The arrows point in the direction of the energy being transferred
e.g. from grass to earthworm, from earthworm to mouse, from mouse to kestrel.
Food web
A diagram that shows a set of linked food chains
Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration
Anaerobic
Plants: Glucose (arrow) ethanol + CO2 + energy
Animals: Glucose ➡️ lactic acid +energy
Doesn't use oxygen, only glucose!
Takes place in the cytoplasm
Aerobic
Glucose + Oxygen ➡️ Energy + CO2 + Water
Uses oxygen
Takes place in the mitochondria
Chemo-synthesis
What is chemosynthesis?
A process whereby organisms can make glucose through a variety of chemical reactions
Hydrogen sulphide + CO2 ➡️ glucose + H2O
When is it used?
When there isn't any/enough light for the organism to survive on photosynthesis
It occurs in hydrothermal vents at the bottom of the sea
Bacteria that carry out chemosynthesis
Iron
Sulphur
Nitrogen
Hydrogen
Photosynthesis
What is photosynthesis?
When chloroplasts filled with chlorophyll absorb sunlight energy
The glucose is stored in the vacuole or cytoplasm as starch
CO2 + water ➡️ glucose + oxygen
Plants and algae are producers. They use photosynthesis to make their own food. They use CO2 and water to make glucose and oxygen by using sunlight energy.
Process of photosynthesis
1) CO2 enters via the leaf stomata
2) H2O enters via the roots
3) O2 exits through the leaf stomata
Leaf stomata (the little holes in the leaf)
Plant minerals
Potassium (K)
Leaves and flowers
Poor flower and fruit growth, discoloured leaves
Respiration and photosynthesis
Nitrogen/Nitrates (N)
Growth
Poor growth and yellow leaves
Builds proteins and growth
Phospherus/Phosphates (P)
Roots
Poor root growth, discoloured leaves
Respiration and growth
Magnesium (Mg)
Chlorophyll
Yellow leaves
Photosynthesis
C₆H₁₂O₆ (glucose)
Plant cells
Cell wall
THESE DO PHOTOSYNTHESIS!!!
Chloroplast
Cytoplasm
Vacuole
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Cell membrane
Colour of leaves
1) Boil water and put in the leaf
2) Leave the leaf for a while
3) Turn off the bunsen burner
4) Add ethanol in a test tube with the leaf
5) Put back in the water
6) Leave for a long time
7) Take out the leaf and dip back in the water
8) take out the leaf and add iodine over the leaf
Digesting (glucose) and Breathing (Oxygen) go to all the blood cells (through the mitochondria)
gets eaten by
gets eaten by
