Diabetic nueropathy

Definition

It is a nerve damage that occurs because of the metabolic derangement related with diabetes mellitus.

Pathophysiology

persistent of hyperglycemia lead to the accumulation of sorbitol.

Fructose in the nerve causes damage by a not known mechanism.

The blood supply to the peripheral nerves is also implicated in the development if diabetic neuropathy.

Neuropathy can precede, accompany or follow the diagnosis of diabetes

It results in the reduced nerve conduction and demyelination.

Nursing care plan

The patient to prevent injuries by wearing of shoes or socks all times even when the person is indoors.

The patient must get at least 30 minutes of exercise daily

Monitor blood sugar level many times a day as doctor directed.

The patient must follow a certain meal plan and must know the amount of carbohydrates to consume in a meal or snack.

Eat food that have high fibres

Avoid smoking and limit the consumption of alcohol.

Causes

Uncontrolled blood sugar level

Alcoholism

Exposure to poison and

Treat hypoglycaemia with 50%dextrose

Its also occurs when hyperglycaemia weakens the capillaries that supply the nerves with oxygen and nutrients.

Signs and symptoms

Pain in the nerves or foot

Numbness on the legs or foot

Problems with digestion

Slow reflexes or no reflexes at all

Skin ulcers

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