Diabetic nueropathy
Definition
It is a nerve damage that occurs because of the metabolic derangement related with diabetes mellitus.
Pathophysiology
persistent of hyperglycemia lead to the accumulation of sorbitol.
Fructose in the nerve causes damage by a not known mechanism.
The blood supply to the peripheral nerves is also implicated in the development if diabetic neuropathy.
Neuropathy can precede, accompany or follow the diagnosis of diabetes
It results in the reduced nerve conduction and demyelination.
Nursing care plan
The patient to prevent injuries by wearing of shoes or socks all times even when the person is indoors.
The patient must get at least 30 minutes of exercise daily
Monitor blood sugar level many times a day as doctor directed.
The patient must follow a certain meal plan and must know the amount of carbohydrates to consume in a meal or snack.
Eat food that have high fibres
Avoid smoking and limit the consumption of alcohol.
Causes
Uncontrolled blood sugar level
Alcoholism
Exposure to poison and
Treat hypoglycaemia with 50%dextrose
Its also occurs when hyperglycaemia weakens the capillaries that supply the nerves with oxygen and nutrients.
Signs and symptoms
Pain in the nerves or foot
Numbness on the legs or foot
Problems with digestion
Slow reflexes or no reflexes at all
Skin ulcers
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