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Chapters 8 & 9: The Human Population and Development - Coggle Diagram
Chapters 8 & 9: The Human Population and Development
Population Ecology
Neolitic Revolution- unset of agriculture, feeds more people
Medical revolution- created medicine to treat and fight off bacterial diseases
Green revolution- developed different technologies using fossil fuels, attempt to help lower income nations
Environmental revolution-more sustainable practices, usage of robotics, green engineering
Industrial revolution- fossil fuels that powered machinery, could farm more
Demography is the field of collecting, compiling, and presenting information about human populations
Population Consumption
High income nations are highly developed
Moderate income nations are moderately developed
Low income nations are still developing
Population growth: births > deaths
Replacement- level fertility is the fertility rate replacing population of parents and is higher in low-income countries
Total fertility rate (TFR) is the average number of children a woman has over her lifetime
Population growth is related to poverty, environmental degradation and other measures of development
Affluent Countries
The environmental footprint is the estimate of amount of land and ocean that is required to provide resources and absorb wastes
Wealthy nations are most responsible for consumoption
Projecting Population
Population profiles is a bar graph depicting the age structure of males and females in a population
Population Momentum is the current age structure effect on future populations
Negative momentum- more elderly leads to less children
Positive momentum- more young people = more children
High income countries are in Phase IV
Low income countries are in Phase II and III
Demographic Transition
Epidemilogic transition is the discovery of modern medicine, death rates have dramatically decreased
Fertility transition is the decrease in reproduction in low income countries
Countries move quickly through demographic transition by speeding up economic development and concentrating on population policies
Demographic dividend----> dependency ratio- ratio of nonworking to working age population, important for low income countries