4 TYPES of shock
Hypovelmic shock
most common type
based on insufficient(інсуфішант) circulating volume
Primary cause
is loss of fluid from circulation - known as hemorrhagic shock (хемОреджик шок)
may include
internal / traumatic bleeding
severe burns
Cardiogenic shock
caused by the failure of the heart to pump blood effectively
Primary cause
Due to damage of the myocardium / most often a large myocardial infarction
other causes include
arrhythmias
cardiac valve problems
(конджЕсів)congesive heart failure
Obstructive shock
the flow of blood is obsrtucted(закупорка) which impedes (імпідс)circulation and can result in circulatory arrest
The severity can be graded 1-4 based on the physical signs
The approximates(апроксімейтс) to the effective blood volume
Grade 1
up to 15% loss of effective blood volume
Grade 2
between 15-30% loss of blood volume
Grade 3
Leads to
mild resting tachycardia
can be well tolerated in otherwise healthy individuals
In the elderly or those with the underlying conditions the additional myocardial oxygen demands may not be tolerated so well
Leads to
moderate tachycardia
begin to narrow the pulse pressure
the time taken for the capillaries to refill after 5 seconds of pressure will be extended
between 30-40% loss of blood volume
Leads to
begining of the compensatory mechanisms to fail
hypotension
tachycardia
low urine output
Grade 4
between 40-50% loss of blood volume
Leads to
developing of profound hypotension
if prolonged cause death
Distributive shock
Conditions that cause your blood vessels to lose their tone can cause ----
When your blood vessels lose their tone, they can become so open and floppy that not enough blood pressure supplies your organs
There are a number of types of distributive shock
Septic shock
Sepsis, also known as blood poisoning, is a condition caused by infections that lead to bacteria entering your bloodstream
occurs when bacteria and their toxins cause serious damage to tissues or organs in your body
Anaphylactic shock (енафілЕтік )
Allergic reactions occur when your body mistakenly treats a harmless substance as harmful. This triggers a dangerous immune response.
is a complication of a severe allergic reaction
is usually caused by allergic reactions to food, insect venom, medications, or latex.
Neurogenic shock
is caused by damage to the central nervous system, usually a spinal cord injury.
This causes blood vessels to dilate, and the skin may feel warm and flushed (почервоніла)
The heart rate slows, and blood pressure drops very low.