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Boroughs/ taxation - Coggle Diagram
Boroughs/ taxation
Patronage
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Jasper Tudor was Duke of Bedford & controlled Wales & the marches but no one was promoted after his death showing his reluctance to award patronage
His use was reckless & dangerous as he withheld titles where they could have been used to create new legitimacy
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Henry VIII
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Sir John Russell- gentleman of the bedchamber and was awarded lands after the execution of disloyal Henry Courtney and given his lands- he was extremely loyal
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patronage increased jealousy for unrewarded nobles towards the new nobility, led to factions being formed which were prominent when the monarch was weak
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Elizabeth
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key noblemen held multiple positions to ensure power was centralised and the localities could be easily controlled
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Used Robert Dudley, who could have been executed for being untrustworthy, was promoted to multiple positions to ensure his loyalty
she prevented a concentration of power, extended control to the localities and eradicated the power of th northern nobility
factions formed in the 1560s, which almost led to Elizabeth's downfall with the Northern revolt
By promoting southerners to positions of power in the North, she created tension with Northumberland & Westmoreland and triggered a revolt
by 1590s, system broke down as Cecil, Dudley & Walsingham died and replaced by Robert Cecil & Devereux who had conflict
awarding of Monopolies were another form of patronage- gave leading nobles monopolies over trades which caused conflict
Taxation
Tudors needed money to fund wars, personal expenses, control, develop infrastructure etc
King is expected to 'live on his own'- not rely on government to support him and use own money from own land
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Fifteen & tenths taxation method (in theory should raise £29,500)
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Not effective- communities rather than individuals responsible
Cities paid more than countryside despite decreased population
Inadequate- parliament had to pass multiple fifteenth & tenths
out of date- no change before 1513 & didn't account for social & economic changes
1513 subsidy- Wolsey
based on individuals income (land, wages, possession)
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was repeated in 1514,1515 &23 and raised £322,099
demands of war between 1512 & 29 meant W had issues raising subsidies & was denied the 800,000 Amicable Grant of 1523
triggered a 10,000 man resistance
Elizabeth
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went from £140,000 to £80,000 by end of her reign
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she didn't push as didn't want tax revolts so created stagnation & political tension as she didn't adapt the system
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