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FELIPE II
DOMESTIC PROBLEMS
all the kingdoms on the Peninsula were rule by the same govereign
but they maintained their laws and institutions
Antonio Perez was accused of assassination
he took refuge in Aragón
the king used the Inquisition to capture him
Carlos V left the Crown in financial ruins
Felipe II had to declare the Crown bankrupt
he had to declare economic insolvency on other occasions
the increase in taxes enabled him to continue with the military
imposing Catholicism caused revolts
the war of Alpujarras was suppressed in 1570
the revolt of the Moriscos in Granada (1568)
IMPORTANT
Spanish domination led to the black legend
was fomented by its enemies
England
France
Low Countries
they aimed to discredit the Spanish Monarchy and Felipe II
in Europe
the belief spread that Spain was fanatical and ignorant
political oppression of Protestants (1550-1560)
the death of Carlos Prince of Asturias (1568)
the achievement of the tercios
THE WARS OF FELIPE II
Against France
France was defeated at the Battle of Saint Quentin
the new French king Henry II signed the peace of Cateau-Cambresis
1559
in the following decades a civil war broke out
between Catholics and Proestants
Against the Protestants in the Low Countries
in 1568 the population rose up against the king
Felipe II sent the Duke of Alba to stop the war but he was not able
Alexander Farnese replaced him
he maintained control of the southern provinces and northern territories
they proclaimed independence from the Spanish Crown in 1581
the war lasted until 1648
Against the Ottoman Empire
Felipe II organised the holy league to end ottoman control
it was an alliance between Spain, Venice and the Pope
a Christian fleet was formed to fight against ottomans
the Ottomans were defeated in the Battle of Lepanto in 1571
Against England
Queen of England supported the English pirates
she was an anglican and defended the Protestant rebels
Felipe II formed a powerful fleet called Great Armada
to depose the queen
it was defeated by English attacks from the British Isles
A GLOBAL EMPIRE
Carlos divided up the territories he inherited
he gave Austria and the Imperial Crown to his brother Ferdinand
his son inherited the rest
Castilla and his territories in the Americas
The Crown of Aragón and his Italian territories
The Low Countries and Franche-Comté
in 1580
king of Portugal died leaving no heirs
Felipe II inherited this kingdom with
Portuguese territories in Africa
Portuguese territories in Asia
Portuguese territories in the Americas
his army defeated the Portuguese nobles
who opposed this territories being taken by the Spanish Monarchy
after the conquest of Philippines Felipe II's dominions stretched
in order to govern this empire
he increased bureaucracy
he founded the Council of Portugal
in 1561 he made Madrid capital of his kingdom
