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Hypoglycaemia - Coggle Diagram
Hypoglycaemia
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Nursing care plan
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Nursing Intervention
If the patient is consious, have patient eact or drink 15g of quick acting concentrated carbohydrates
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If the patient is unconscious Glucagon, 1 mg subcutaneously or intramuscularly for patients who cannot swallow, or who refuse treatment; patient may take up to 20 minutes to regain consciousness.
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From 25 to 50 mL of 50% dextrose in water is administered intravenously to patients who are unconscious or unable to swallow (in a hospital setting).
Treatment is repeated if the symptoms persist more than 10 to 15 minutes after initial treatment; patient is retested in 15 minutes and retreated if blood glucose level is less than 70 to 75 mg/dL.
Patient should eat a snack containing protein and starch (milk, or cheese and crackers) after the symptoms resolve or should eat a meal or snack within 30 to 6
Health education
Teach patient to prevent hypoglycemia by following a consistent, regular pattern for eating, administering insulin, and
exercising. Advise patient to consume between-meal and bed time snacks to counteract the maximum insulin effect
Reinforce that routine blood glucose tests are performed so that changing insulin requirements may be anticipated
Encourage patients taking insulin to wear an identificationbracelet or tag indicating they have diabetes
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Patient is discouraged from eating high-calorie, high-fat dessert foods to treat hypoglycemia, because high-fat snacks may slow absorption of the glucose.
Pathophysiology
When glucose drops below 70 mg/dL, counterregulatory hormones are released and the autonomic nervous system is activated.
Suppression of insulin secretion and production of glucagon and epinephrine provide a defence against hypoglycaemia.
Definition
It an abnormal low blood glucose that is usually occurs when the blood suger levels are below 3.9mmol/l, which results from too much insulin in proportion to glucose in the blood