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Jenesis Perez Per.5 Lymphatic/Immune System - Coggle Diagram
Jenesis Perez Per.5 Lymphatic/Immune System
Humoral response and cellular response
Humoral
antibody-mediated immunity
produce and
secrete antibodies
Mainly B cell acitivation
Antibodies travel through the body fluids to attack and destroy antigens
Cellular
cell-to-cell contact
activated T cells interact directly
with antigen-bearing cells
Mainly T cell activation
Major functions of the Lymphatic & Immune systems
Keep body from harm
regulate antibodies
Fight and defend against pathogens
second circulatory system
Purpose and examples of First, Second and Third line of defense
Second
Chemical barriers
Chemicals that kill many pathogens
Interferons
Enzymes
Natural killer cells
secreting cytolytic substances called perforins
small group of lymphocytes
breaks down pathogens cell membranes
Phagocytosis
swallow whole and destroy foreign particles, debris, and
damaged cells
Most active phagocytes are neutrophils and monocytes
Fever
hostile environment for pathogens
body temperature rises
attack with more vigor
Inflammation
to stop the spread of pathogens
Dilation of blood vessels
causes redness
increase of blood volume
redness, swelling, heat, and pain
Increased capillary permeability, which leads to edema and heat
Attraction of white blood cells into the affected area, for phagocytosis
Fibroblasts secrete chemicals that produce a sac around the area
to wall
off infection
inhibits spread of infection
Third
cellular immune response
humoral immune
response
T-lymphocyte
First
Skin, mucous, saliva and sweat
Mechanical barrier
To protect the body from like bacteria or parasitic worms
Innate(natural) immune defenses and Adaptive(acquired) immune defenses
Innate
Guard against many types of pathogens
respond quickly
species resistance, mechanical barriers, chemical barriers, natural killer cells, inflammation, phagocytosis, and fever
born with
antibodies are passed
from mother to fetus
Adaptive
responds more slowly
responds specific type of pathogen
secrete cytokines or antibodies
inflammation and fever
third line of defense
antibody productiion
Artificial vs. Naturally acquired immunity
Naturally
Naturally acquired active immunity
after exposure to the antigen
long-term resistance results
plasma cells and memory B cells are used
Naturally acquired passive immunity
antibodies are passed
from mother to fetus;
short-term immunity
lack of memory B cell formation
Artificial
Artificially acquired active immunity
long-term immunity
memory B cell formation
use of vaccines
Artificially acquired passive immunity
injection of gamma globulins containing antibodies or antiserum
short-term
no antigen exposure
no memory B
cells produced
no immune response
Antigens and antibodies
Antibodies
made from B cells but also secreted by plasma cells and memory B cells if there are any
Antigens
any large molecules that that can trigger an immune
response
Cells involved in the immune system and their functions
Memory B cell
remembers and produce low amounts of antobodies
plasma cell
Produce antibodies
B cells
create plasma cells to make antibodies
complement
Fluid which contains proteins to kill and cause inflammation.
Memory T cell
quick response to any future
exposure to the same antigen
Dendritic cell
collect tiny samples of the pathogen and takes it to a T cell with the same pathogen
Helper T cells
stimulate B cells to produce antibodies against
the displayed antigen
natural killer cell
traps and breaks antigens, secretes perforin
cytotoxic T cells
recognizing and
eliminating foreign, disease, virus cells
monocyte
attack larger pathogen particles
Macrophages
swallow whole and destroy foreign particles, debris, and
damaged cells
Basophil
releasing effector proteins and help detect pathogens
Eosinophil
Trapping and killing pathogens
Mast cell
encourages cells to take action but sending signals
Long lived plasma cells
live longer than plasma cells but same function
Antibodies
Protein super weapons which stun the pathogens
Neutrophil
will destroy everything and even our own cells but will self destruct after a few days. will vomit deadly chemicals and when self destruct will create a toxic net from their DNA
Location of Lymphatic organs and their functions
Spleen
Filters blood, removes damaged blood cells and bacteria
Bone marrow
located in the center of the bone and matures and produces B cells
Thymus
located above the heart and mature T cells
Tonsils
located at the throat and palate and they can stop germs entering the body through the mouth or the nose
appendix
located at the lower right part of abdomen and not sure of the main function but does have good bacteria
Peyer’s patches
located in the small intestine and immune surveillance of materials within your digestive system
Lymph nodes
lymphocyte production
Passive vs. Active immunity
Passive
passage to birth mother to fetus
borrowed
obtained by receiving antibodies
no antigen contact and no immune response occurs
short-term immunity
no memory B cells are produced
Active
antibodies and
memory B cells are produced
long-lasting immunity
obtained through antigen exposure
Disorders associated with the Immune system
Autoimmune
attack owns body
Autoantibodies
damage the body’s own tissues
from viral infection, faulty T cell development, or reaction to a nonself antigen that closely resembles a self antigen
hypersensitive
allergies