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TEMA 5 ELECTRICITY, image, image, image, image, image, image, image,…
TEMA 5 
Electrical energy:
Is the most common form of energy because it is easy to obtain, it can be transported over long distances ant it can easily be transformed into many other forms of energy (light, heat, sound and motion).
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Electricity is a form of energy that lets negatively charged particles (electrons) move one atom to another.
ELECTIC CIRCUITS
An electric circuit is a series of interconnected components that an electric current flows trough to produce an effect (light, heat, sound or motion)
There are four main components in an electric circuit: power sources, conductors, load devices and control devices.
POWER SOURCES: Components that supply the necessary electrical energy. Degenerators of direct current in a circuit are cells and batteries.
CONDUCTORS: Components that transport the electrical air from the power sources to the load devices. The conductive components of a circuit are the wires.
CONTROL DEVICES: Devices that regulate the circuit. The main types of control devices are one-way switches, push switches and two-way switches.
LOAD DEVICES: components thet receive the electrical energy from the power sources and convert it to another types of useful energy. Like motors, lamps, buzzers and resistors.
POWER SOURCES
CELL: supplies electrical energy to the rest of the circuit. Cells have a positive terminal and a negative terminal.
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LOAD DEVICES
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RESISTOR: a load device that opposes the flow of the electric current. Converts electrical energy to heat energy.
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CONTROL DEVICES
PUSH SWITCH: open and closethe circuit while the button is pushed. This devices can either be normally open (NO) or normally closed (NC).
TWO-WAY SWITCH: have two positions. When we press them, the change from one position to the other.
ONE-WAY SWITCH: open or close the circuit when they are pressed. One position opens the ciucuit and stops; the other closes the circuit and lets the electric current pass.
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SHORT CIRCUITS
TYPES OF CIRCUITS
Parallel Circuits: The load devices are connected on different branches of the wire. There are several possible paths for the electric current to flow through.
Series Circuits: all the components are connected one after the other. There is only one possible path for the electric current to flow through.
Series-parallel combination circuits: This circuits contain devices connected in series and in parallel.
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