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NMR - Coggle Diagram
NMR
1H-NMR
Signal
δ = Resonance
Frequency
δ = DifferentChange
Inequivalence
Chemically-InequivalentProtons
= Different Electronic
Environment = (δ = Different)
Magnetically-Inequivalent
δ = Same ; J = Different
δ = Same
Equivalence
MagneticallyEquivalent
δ = Same ; J = Same
ChemicallyEquivalentProtons
= Identical Electronic
Environment = (δ = Same)
ChemicallyEquivalentProtons
= Identical Electronic
Environment = (δ = Same)
Signals = Sets
Sets > 1
UnSymmetry
Chemically-InequivalentProtons
= Different Electronic Environment
Magnetically-Inequivalent
δ = Same ; J = Different
Set
Symmetry
ChemicallyEquivalentProtons
= Identical Electronic Environment
+ May be
Magnetically-Inequivalent
δ = Same ; J = Different
MagneticallyEquivalent
δ = Same ; J = Same
Coupling (Overlapping) = Splitting
Not Occurs Between
Equivalence
MagneticallyEquivalent
δ = Same ; J = Same
ChemicallyEquivalentProtons
= Identical Electronic
Environment = (δ = Same)
Highly Different Electronic
Environment (Generally)
Occurs Between
Inequivalence
Magnetically-Inequivalent (Finite/insignificant)
δ = Same ; J = Different
Chemically-InequivalentProtons (Significant)
= Different Electronic
Environment = (δ = Different)
ProtonSet + InequivalentProton
(Same Spin System) = Couple
SignalSplitting
ProtonSet + InequivalentProton
(Same Spin System) = Couple
Neighbouring Protons
(Same Spin System)
2 more items...
Neighbouring Protons Possible
Spin States (Orientation)
2 more items...
Coupling Constant (J)
Different
Same
1 more item...
Extent
Rare
4J - nJ
Long Range Coupling
2 more items...
Common
2J
2 Bond Coupling
(Geminal Coupling)
3J
3 Bond Coupling
(Vicinal Coupling)
1 more item...
1J
1 Bond Coupling
Proton
Set Protons
Coupling
Set
Signal
N + 1
Not Follow, N + 1 = 2 Direction
Seems to Follow N + 1
Follow, N + 1 = Only 1 Direction
Peaks
Splitting (J)
Not Shift as ∆H°
because J = independent of H°
Signals
Shift as ∆H°
13C
Micro-Sequence
Chemical Shift
Macro-Sequence
Coupling
13C
< 4°
t = C H2
1° = sp2
Terminal-Alkene-CH2
Formaldehyde (Limited)
2° = sp3
Chain-CH2
C-CH2-O
Ring-CH2
q = C H3
1° = sp3
O-CH3
HO-CH3 (Methanol)
C-CH3
Alkane
Carbonyl
d = C H
2° = sp2
NH2COH (Limited)
C-HO (Aldehyde)
BenzeneRing-CH
Alkene-CH
1° = sp3
Cyanide
(Limited)
Alkyne (sp)
3°
3°-CH
Ring-CH
4°
s = C
3° = sp2
Amide
Ester
C-O2H (Acid)
Ketone
Alkene
Benzene-Ring-C
3° Alcohol
2° = sp
Alkyne
4°
4°C
1H
UnSaturation
4
Benzene Ring
Aliphatic
< 4
"2"
"3"
"1"
"0"
Ring
Aliphatic
Coupling (dd)
Coupling Constant (Hz)
J
δ
Aliphatic
Aromatic