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Information system - Coggle Diagram

- - - - these are the devices like monitor, processor, printer and keyboard, all of which work together to accept, process, show data and information
    - - are the programs that allow hardware to process data
    - - are the gathering of associated files or tables containing related data
    - - are a connecting system that allows diverse computers to distribute resources
    - - are the commands for combining the components above to process information and produce the preferred output
  - - - information systems combine the aspects of structure, functionality and interaction
      - in order to model and design such systems we need a modelling theory that supports all these aspects in an integrated way
      - modelling in general means creation, modification, analysis and usage of abstract models of a section of reality
      - features of the model notion
        
        mapping
        
        a model represents a section of reality, i.e. there is a mapping from this section of reality to the model
        
        abstraction
        
        a model is abstract, i.e. , it uses unambiguous formal terms the meaning of which is not given a priori, but has to be defined
        
        reduction
        
        only features that are considered to be "relevant" and "important" will be represented in a model
        
        pargmatics
        
        a model depends on the application context, the time and the decisions of the modelling individual. it may be changed
      - a modeler should ask
        
        who will be using the system?
        
        the system has to be designed in such a way that it becomes attractive for the target user, however it is not clear how a potential user is going to use the system
        
        only users who get the impression that the web information system is personalized to them, will make full use of the offered functionality
        
        users are not known in advance. web information systems are open to almost everyone, hence, modelling web IS has to identify the target users
        
        when and where is the information system used?
        
        due to the universality of the web, the system must be available at any time and at any place. this will have major implications on performance requirements
        
        what is represented in the syste,?
        
        refers to the data content, and therefore it is related to the modelling and design database.
        
        how will the system be used?
        
        leads to the definition of operations that support certain processes
        
        why is the system used?
        
        related to the aspect of interaction. in fact, anticipating the users' behavior includes reasoning about their intentions
        
        these questions determine the static and dynamic aspects of the system, and the interaction with its users
        
        the answer of these questions are more difficult from the perspective of web-based IS (different from usual IS)
        
        the answer to the questions (who, when, where and why) differ significantly from the answers we sketched for traditional enterprise information systems