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Lymphatic/Immune System Kaylee Lopez Per.2 - Coggle Diagram
Lymphatic/Immune System Kaylee Lopez Per.2
Major functions of the Lymphatic & Immune systems
The major function of the lymphatic system
is the lymphatic vessels collect and carry away the excess tissue fluid from the interstital spaces and then returns the blood.
The main function of the immune system
is that it protects you from foreign invaders like bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi. And its made of white blood cells, antibodies, and chemicals.
Location of Lymphatic organs and their functions
Red Bone Marrow:
The function of the red bone marrow is a place where the red blood cells, platelets, and white blood cells are created.
Cerviacal (neck):
The function of the cervical is to protect your spinal cord.
Axillary(Armpit):
The function of the axillary is to provide nerve function to the shoulder joint and the three muscle in the arm.
Spleen:
The function of the spleen is to fight off invading germs, controls the level of blood cells, and it filters the blood and removes any old and damaged red blood cells.
Peyer's Patches:
The main function of the peyer's patches is to detect pathogens in your digestive tract.
Groin (Ingunial):
The function of the ingunial is it protects important structures when it passes from the pelvic cavity and to the thigh
Purpose and examples of First, Second and Third line of defense
First Line of Defense:
The first line of defense is the mechanical barriers which is the skin and mucous membrane and it protects the body of pathogens from entering the body.
Second Line of Defense:
The second line of defense includes chemical barriers (enzymes,PH, salt, interferon), natural killer cells, inflammation, phagocytosis, and fever. And these destroy invaders without targeting specific individuals.
Innate(natural) immune defenses and Adaptive(acquired) immune defenses
Innate (natural) Immune Defenses:
-It guards against many types of pathogens and responds more quicker than the adaptive
-It includes mechanical barriers, chemical barriers, natural killer cells, inflammation, phagocytosis, and fever
Adaptive (acquired) Immune Defenses:
-It only responds to a specific type of pathogen and responds more slower than innate.
-It's accomplished by specialized lymphocytes and secretes cytokines and antibodies.
Humoral response and cellular response
Humoral Response:
The humoral response is when the antibodies travel through the body fluids to attack and destroys the antigen.
Cellular Response:
The cellular response happens through cell to cell contact and then activated T cells intercact with antigen-bearing cells.
Antigens and antibodies
Antigens:
-It can be any large molecules that can trigger an immune response (proteins, food, chemicals,etc)
-This immune response is directed against "nonself" molecules
Antibodies:
-Antibodies (Immunoglobuilns ) are a protective protein that reacts when foreign subsatance enter the body and they fight so they can remove it from the body.
*Artificial vs. Naturally acquired immunity
Naturally Acquired Immunity:
-This happens after an exposure to the antigen and long-term resistance results due to the events of a primary immune response
Artificial Acquired Immunity:
-This happens through the use of vaccines without the person becoming ill from the diseases and since the vaccine includes weakend or dead pathogens the person develops long-term immunity.
Passive vs. Active immunity
Active Immunity:
-Active immunity is obtanied through antigen exposure and an immune response happens in the person which antibodies and memory b cells are produced which is long lasting immunity
Passive Immunity:
This happens when receving antibodies and since there is no antigen and no immune response happening no memory B cells are produced which creates short-term immunity.
Cells involved in the immune system and their functions
T Cells:
The help the body fight infections that's entering the body
B Cells:
They help the body produce antibodies to fight viruses and bacteria
Natural Killer Cells:
They help the body by defending them by secreting cytolytic substance called perforins