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The Russian Revolution, image, image, image, image, image, image, image,…

- - - - Russia and Japan fought for control of Manchuria
      - The Russian defeat highlighted a badly organised army, outdated military equipment and a lack of transport
      - All of this led to increased public hostility towards the tsar
      - Soldiers were continually being recruited
    - - Despite being forbidden, various political parties were created which opposed the tsar
      - They were unhappy about the lack of rights and miserable conditions that most Russians lived in
    - - In January 1905 the industrial workers in St Petersburg moved peacefully on the Winter Palace
      - The tsar's residence, to ask for improvements in working conditions and political reform
      - The protesters were brutally suppressed and the protest became known as Bloody Sunday
      - The Social Democratic Workers' Party met in secret and soviets were formed in St Petersburg and Moscow to organise the protests
      - Tsar Nicholas II agreed to make some political reforms and authorised the formation of a Duma (parliament)
      - Soon after, the Duma was dissolved and autocracy was re-established.
    - - In 1914 the Russian Empire took part in the First World War because it was allied with Great Britain and France
      - 15 million soldiers were mobilised, most of them conscripted peasants
      - The continuous defeats the army suffered under the leadership of the tsar caused further discontent among the people
- - - - To expropriate land and redistribute it among the peasants and give the control of industries to the workers' committees
      - To change the name of the Bolshevik party to the Communist Party and make it the only legal political party
      - To sign the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany, which allowed Russia to withdraw from the war. However, in return, Russia agreed to give territory to Germany
      - To found the Third International (also called the Comintern) to coordinate all the communist parties around the world