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Spain: The Bourbon Restoration, image, image, image, image, image, image,…
Spain: The Bourbon Restoration
THE REIGN OF ALFONSO XII (1875–1885) AND THE REGENCY OF MARÍA CRISTINA (1885–1902)
economy grew
political system set up
Bipartisanship established
Conservative government
led by
Antonio Cánovas del Castillo
Liberal government
led by
Práxedes Mateo Sagasta
system of two alternating official political parties
Caciquismo
in rural areas
allowed manipulated elections
guaranteed the victory
of the party
Constitution of 1876
shared sovereignty
monarch
the Cortes
recognised
constitutional monarchy
form of government
type of suffrage
determinated by
each alternating government
universal male suffrage
re-established
supported the Canovist system
Catholic Church
landowners
army
middle-class business owners
period of political stability
for Spain
no military uprisings
opposition from
anarchists
socialists
republicans
death of Alfonso XII
1885
signed the Pact of El Pardo
THE REIGN OF ALFONSO XIII (1902–1931)
The development of the workers' movement
trade unions supported and coordinated
Unión General de Trabajadores (UGT)
Confederación Nacional del Trabajo (CNT)
important concessions
creation of a pension system
laws to regulate
female labour
child labour
eight-hour working day and six-day working week
legal recognition for trade
workers' movement continued to fight
War in Morocco
Spain established a protectorate
Spain's presence
opposed by the local population
Morocco was divided between
Spain
France
consequences
Tragic Week
Annual disaster
Political conflict
parties were increasing members
republican parties
regionalist parties
Partido Socialista Obrero Español (PSOE)
Constitution of 1876 was still in effect
The military problem
Compulsory military service
created discontent
climate of political instability
the army was charged with
demonstrations
strikes
military coup
1923
led by
General Miguel Primo de Rivera
Spanish public opinion
very critical of the army
THE DISASTER OF 98
THE CONSEQUENCES OF DEFEAT
important repercussions
appearance of regenerationism
economic crisis
demoralisation of the Spanish people
THE INVOLVEMENT OF THE UNITED STATES
Government offered to buy the island from Spain
excuse to enter the war
the accidental explosion of the American warship Maine
biggest buyer of Cuban
tobacco
sugar
THE CAUSES AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONFLICT
caused by
two sides met in conflict
Cuban War (1895–1898)
Spain signed the Treaty of Paris
factors
rejection of the demands of the Creole bourgeoisie
demands of the Cuban Creole bourgeoisie
