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SUM UP TOPIC 1 (DOMAIN NAME SYSTEM (DNS) IN WINDOWS SERVER ENVIRONMENT -…
SUM UP TOPIC 1 (DOMAIN NAME SYSTEM (DNS) IN WINDOWS SERVER ENVIRONMENT
1.1 complete DNS setup in windows server
provide computer name-to-IP address mapping name resolution services to computers and users.
distributed hierarchical database composed mainly of computer name & IP address.
distributed
: no database contains all data
hierarchical
: minimum information
structure of DNS
DNS tree has a single domain at the top of the structure called the root domain.
A period or dot (.) is the designation for the root domain.
root servers : operate in the root zone.
directly answer queries for records stored or cached within the root zone.
refer other requests to the appropriate Top Level Domain (TLD) server.
Root
Top Level Domain Name (TLD)
Second Level Domain Name (SLD)
Subdomains
DNS works managing the mapping between names and numbers.
1.1.2 DNS lookup process & DNS server roles
represents one or more domains and possibly sub-domains
ultilize DNS records to translate IP addresses and domain names or email addresses
DNS records can be changed by :
static updates
a record that does not have timestamp information
dynamic updates - referred as Dynamic (DDNS)
enables clients and servers to register DNS domain names (PTR resource records) and IP address mappings (A resource records) to an RFC 2136-compliant DNS server.
TYPES OF DNS LOOKUP :
1. iterative queries 2. recursive query
iterative queries :
request for a website name or uniform resource locator (URL) that the domain name system (DNS) server responds to with the IP address from its zone file cache, if possible. If the server does not have the IP address requested, it forwards the request on to another DNS server.
recursive query :
acts as a middleman between a client and a DNS nameserver.
DNS servers
authorative server
forwarder
conditional forwarder
caching-only server
1.1.3 Steps in installing DNS with AD
DNS installation begins by installing the DNS Server role with
Server manager or PowerShell.
DNS Server role should be installed on a domain controller if the server is intended to manage domain name services for Active Directory.
integrates DNS zones with Active Directory
1.1.4 Complete DNS zones creation
creating DNS zones :
we can make it as our own by customizing it with text and photos
apply page animations to emphasize ideas
includes :
primary zones
secondary zones
stub zones
PRIMARY ZONE
maintaning all of the records for the DNS zone
stores the primary copy of the DNS
maintains all DNS zones records
SECONDARY ZONES
noneditable
get its database from a primary zone
used for load balancing
ADVANTAGES :
- provides fault tolerance - increase network performance by offloading some of the traffic that would go to the primary server
STUB ZONES
work a lot
noneditable copy of a primary zone
contains only the information necessary
stub zone is used to resolve names between separate DNS namespaces
enable your DNS servers to resolve records in another domain
to protect the DNS database