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Concept Map:Lymphatic/Immune System Katherine Contreras Per.6 - Coggle…
Concept Map:Lymphatic/Immune System Katherine Contreras Per.6
Purpose and examples of First, Second and Third line of defense
Second
Chemical barriers parentheses enzymes, pH, salt, interferons, compliment), natural killer cells, inflammation, phagocytosis, and fever
Immune response after the body has already been exposed to a specific antigen; response is faster, of greater magnitude, and more prolonged
Third
Cellular immune response and humoral immune response
First
Mechanical barriers such as skin and mucous membranes
initial immune response to an antigen, which appears after a lag of several days and takes several weeks; memory B cells formed
Location of Lymphatic organs and their functions
Spleen- cleanses blood and removes aged or defective red blood cells, site for lymphocyte activation and proliferation, stores platelets, monocytes, and iron
MALT- prevents pathogens from penetrating mucous membrane and site for lymphocyte activation and proliferation
Lymph nodes - cleanse lymph and site for lymphocyte activation and proliferation
Thymus- site of T cell maturation
Major functions of the Lymphatic & Immune systems
Lymphatic
Return clean fluids and leaked proteins back to the blood
drain excess fluid from tissue
play an essential role in body defenses and resistance to diseases
Immune
the body's defense against infectious pathogens
keeps pathogens out and attacks those that do enter the body
Artificial vs. Naturally acquired immunity
Natural
develops after exposure to antigens in environment
ex: getting sick from infection
antibodies are passed from mother to fetus via the placenta and breast milk
Artificial
antibodies are made due to exposure to a vaccine
injection of antibodies
antibodies gathered from a human or other animal
Disorders associated with the Immune system
autoimmune disorder-a condition in which the immune system produces antibodies against the body's own tissues
edema
Humoral response and cellular response
Humoral response
The immune response involving the transformation of B cells into plasma cells that produce and secrete antibodies to a specific antigen. See Note at antibody.
cellular response
Many signaling pathways cause a cellular response that involves a change in gene expression.
Innate(natural) immune defenses and Adaptive(acquired) immune defenses
Innate
"born with it"
includes species resistance, mechanical barriers, natural killer cells, inflammation
responds rapidly
Adaptive
"body learns" this during its lifetime
carried out by lymphocytes that recognize a specific invader
develop slowly
Cells involved in the immune system and their functions
Macrophages – eat bacteria
Neutrophils – give off deadly chemicals to three or kill them
Complement proteins – stands and kills bacteria by ripping holes into them
Dendrites cells – carries itself in bacteria and goes to find a helper T cell
B cells – clones itself and pumps out antibodies
Antibodies – clump themselves together and make enemy and able to move or fight
Antigens and antibodies
Antigens
Can be any large molecules that that can trigger an immune
response
Before birth, the body makes an inventory of “self” antigens
Immune response is directed against “nonself” molecules
Antibodies
soluble protein secreted by plasma cells
five major types of antibodies-
IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, IgE
carried by body fluids, capable of binding specially to antigens
Passive vs. Active immunity
Passive
Short term immunity
obtained by receiving antibodies
Active
occurs due to exposure to antigen
body produces its own antibodies against disease-causing antigens
forms long-lasting immunity