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Dayani Solano Per.2 Immune system - Coggle Diagram
Dayani Solano Per.2 Immune system
Major functions of the Lymphatic & Immune systems
Immune system
recognizes and neutralizes harmful substances from the environment
fights diseases, causing changes in the body.EX: cancer cells.
fights diseases, causing pathogens like bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi, and to remove them from the body
Lymphatic system
fluid balance
protection to the body
absorbs nutrients
Disorders associated with the Immune system
Rheumatoid arthritis
This type of arthritis causes swelling and deformities of the joints
Lupus
This disease that attacks body tissues, including the lungs, kidneys, and skin
Type 1 diabetes
The immune system attacks the cells in the pancreas that make insulin
Innate(natural) immune defenses and Adaptive(acquired) immune defenses
Innate immune defenses
barriers that keep harmful materials from entering your body
form the first line of defense in the immune response
adaptive immune defenses
cell-mediated immunity, mediated by T lymphocytes against intracellular pathogens
humoral immunity, mediated by B lymphocytes against extracellular pathogens and toxins.
Purpose and examples of First, Second and Third line of defense
second line of defense
what is it? they are the non-specific phagocytes and other internal mechanisms that comprise innate immunity
EX:macrophages that are derived from monocytes
third line of defense
what is it? are the specific lymphocytes that produce antibodies as part of the adaptive immune response.
EX: T-cells, cell mediated immunity, B-cells,humoral immunity, antibodies,cytokines,
first line of defense
what is it? always ready and prepared to defend the body from infection.
EX: skin, tears, mucus, and neutrophils
Antigens and antibodies
antibodies
Proteins that recognize and bind to antigens
antigens
Substance that can induce an immune response
be polysaccharides, lipids or nucleic acids
Passive vs. Active immunity
Passive immunity
transfer of active humoral immunity of ready-made antibodies
person is given antibodies to a disease rather than producing them through his or her own immune system.
Active immunity
immunity to a pathogen that occurs following exposure to said pathogen
Humoral response and cellular response
cellular response
the end of the line for a signal brought to the target cell by a signaling molecule
transduction, which is a series of events that converts the signal
humoral response
mediated by antibody molecules that are secreted by plasma cells
deals with antigens from pathogens that are freely circulating, or outside the infected cells.
Cells involved in the immune system and their functions
neutrophils
act as your immune system's first line of defense
macrophages
surrounds and kills microorganisms, removes dead cells, and stimulates the action of other immune system cells.
lymphocytes
type of white blood cell that is part of the immune system
Artificial vs. Naturally acquired immunity
Naturally acquired immunity
acquired from exposure to the disease organism through infection with the actual disease
Artificial acquired immunity
comes from injected antibodies created within a different person or an animal
Location of Lymphatic organs and their functions
thymus gland
It makes white blood cells which are part of the immune system and help fight infection
spleen
stores and filters blood and makes white blood cells that protect you from infection
appendix
storehouse for good bacteria, “rebooting” the digestive system after diarrheal illnesses
tonsils
protecting the body against respiratory and gastrointestinal infections
Peyer's patches
throughout the ileum region of the small intestine