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Topic 4 - Tropical rainforest under threat, Peruvian Amazon - Coggle…
Topic 4 - Tropical rainforest under threat, Peruvian Amazon
Importance of the Peruvian Amazon
Archaeology - remains of ancient civilisations e.g. Chachapoya
Biodiversity - almost 3000 known species of amphibians, birds, mammals and reptiles
One of most biodiverse ecosystems on the planet, home to 44% of bird species & 63% of males.
Medical plants - rainforest plants important for treating diseases such as cancer.
Extends across 60% of Peru, comprises the headwater of Amazon basin.
Indigenous tribes - traditional tribes live in remote areas of rainforest, sustainable lives, outsiders can lead to health issues and social breakdown.
Under threat from human activity
Mining - gold is mined from river causing environmental damage and pollution by toxic chemicals, Mercury.
Roads - Trans-Oceanic Highway is major development to connect Brazilian highway to Pacific ports. Lead to huge destruction of rainforest.
Energy - large reserves of oil & gas. China invested in oil extraction, Madre de Dois where 10% of bird species live. Oil spills can pollute rivers - plan to construct 15 dams
Agriculture - lowland areas being cleared for ranching and cultivation of commercial crops, soybean. Fires used to clear land, could get out of control, habitat destruction
Timber - highly valued for furniture and construction, 95% of logging is illegal - Deforestation leads to a lot of harm to rainforest.
Being sustainably managed
In, southeast Peru, Perus-Manu Conservation Corridor comprises national park and several reservoirs for indigenous tribes, 10 million hectors, largest protected area
In 2015, sustainable management plan was drawn up for area to restrict economic development, conserve habitats and provide protection for indigenous people.
Reserves been created to protect indigenous tribes & give them land rights over mineral extraction.
Rainforest harvesting (logging) require a management plan in line with guidelines from Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) but policies hard to implement.
Peruvian government working with non-governmental organisations (NGOs), e.g. World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) to encourage conservation by being sustainable