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Macy/Esbjörn-Hargens & Zimmerman - Coggle Diagram
Macy/Esbjörn-Hargens & Zimmerman
Environmental Despair
Psychological strategies
disbelief
environmental issues are ubiquitous yet subtle; "seeing is believing"
environmental degradation often shielded from public view
denial
taking refuse in rejection, solace in ignorance
double life
we tend to live our lives as if nothing has changed, while knowing that everything has changed.
repressed awareness
conditioned to take seriously only those feelings that pertain to our immediate welfare
Fears
Fear of Pain
pain = dysfunction
if we were to let ourselves fully experience our dread, we might fall apart, lose control, or be mired in it permanently
Fear of Appearing Morbid
confidence in the future has been a hallmark of the American character and a source of national pride (despair = lack of stamina or competence
Fear of Appearing Stupid
we think we need to be experts/walking data banks in a topic in order to talk about it; acting for common good becomes confused with winning an argument
Fear of Guilt
we are accomplices to catastrophe
Fear of Causing Distress
maintaining carefree status quo as a protective mechanism; don't want to burden or alarm loved ones
Fear of Provoking Disaster
negative thoughts are self-fulfilling
Fear of Appearing Unpatriotic
To entertain feelings of despair over our country's present condition and future prospects seems un-American
Fear of Religious Doubt
theodicy: balancing existence of evil with existence of a benign God
Fear of Appearing Too Emotional
"prey to our feelings"
separation of reason from feeling; objectivity reigns over subjectivity
Fear of Appearing Powerless
reluctant to engage in issues that remind us that we do not exert ultimate control over our lives.
psychic numbing; if we don't less ourselves feel pain, we won't feel much else either
Empowerment
Feelings of pain for our world are natural and healthy
grief for our world cannot be reduced to private pathology
Pain is morbid only if denied
when we disown our pain for the world that it becomes dysfunctional
Information alone is not enough
We need to process devastating information on the psychological and emotional level in order to fully respond on the cognitive level.
Unblocking repressed feelings releases energy and clears the mind
otherwise known as catharsis
Unblocking our pain for the world reconnects us with the larger web of life
Integral ecology
"a way of integrating multiple approaches to ecology and environmental studies into a complex, multidimensional meta- disciplinary approach to the natural world and our embeddedness within it."
relationship between:
what is perceived as nature.
how the perceiver uses different methods, techniques, and practices to disclose nature
who is perceiving nature
ways of thinking about the environment: philosophical, spiritual, religious, social, political, cultural, behavioral, scientific, and psychological.
Four Quadrants
intentional "I"
cultural "we"
behavioral "it"
social "its"
Perspectives
objective
composition (e.g., physiological and chemical) and
exterior behavior of individuals
subjective
interobjective
examines the systemic structures and exterior behaviors of collectives
intersubjective
interior perspectives; aesthetic experience, psychological dynamics, religious meaning, ethical issues, and cultural values
terrain of experience
subjective realities of any organism at all levels of its perception. Known by felt experience
terrain of culture
intersubjective realities of any organism at all levels of its communion; known by mutual resonance
terrain of systems
interobjective realities of any organism at all levels of its intersection; known by systemic analysis
terrain of behavior
objective realities of any organism at all levels of its organization; known by observation
example of a frog
intentional world:somatic experience
of hot and cold water, physical pain, pleasure, and various impulses
sensory world: how they respond to movement, register pheromones, visual stimuli, auditory cues, skin sensations, and tastes
cultural world: semiotic niche; how they communicate, interpret signals
social world: social structures, communication patterns, evolutionary dynamics, ecological systems
200 perspectives of ecology