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Acid and Base - Coggle Diagram

- - - - citric acid (H3C6H5O7)
      - acetic acid (ethanoic acid) (CH3COOH; HC2H3O2)
      - boric acid (H3BO3)
      - phosphoric acid (H3PO4)
  - - - aniline base (C6H5NH2)
      - methylamine base (CH3NH2)
      - pyridine base (C5H5N)
  - - - sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
      - potassium hydroxide (KOH)
      - lithium hydroxide (LiOH)
      - calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)
      - rubidium hydroxide (RbOH)
      - barium hydroxide (Ba(OH)2)
- - - - Acids are substances that increase the hydronium (H3O+) ion
        concentration. Thus, acids are proton donors.
        
        Polyprotic acids
        
        Polyprotic acids have two or more
        hydrogen ions to donate. All polyprotic acids donate one hydrogen ion at a time.
        
        Monoprotic acids
        
        Monoprotic acids have one hydrogen ion to donate.
    - - Bases are substances that increase the hydroxide (OH—) ion concentration.
        Thus, bases are proton acceptors.
    - - Substances that can act as both acids and bases, such as water, are said to be
        amphoteric.
  - - - Any substance that can act as an
        electron pair acceptor is a Lewis acid.
    - - Any substance that can act as an electron pair
        donor is a Lewis base.
  - - - Acids are any substances that dissociate to produce hydrogen ions (H+)
        when dissolved in water.
    - - Bases are any substances that dissociate to produce hydroxide ions (OH—)
        when dissolved in water.
- - - - [H3O+] > [OH—]
  - - - [H3O+] < [OH—]
  - - - [H3O+] = [OH—]