What are the sources saying

Messenger, Michael. "Why Child Labour Still Works." Toronto Star (Online), 09 Jun 2017. SIRS Issues Researcher, https://explore.proquest.com/sirsissuesresearcher/document/2266009738?accountid=11589.

Summary: "Products made by children in developing countries are coming to Canada through a giant network of supply chains with little transparency of the child labour that lurks deep within them. Each year our country imports $1.4 billion worth of garments from Bangladesh, which is home to 1.3 million working children in all industries. From coffee in Central America to sugar in the Philippines, Canada imports products we use every day that have a high risk of child labour attached to them." (Toronto Star (Online)) In this point-of-view article, Michael Messenger, president and CEO of World Vision Canada, argues that Canada needs to enact legislation to ensure that Canadian companies prevent child labor in their global supply chains.

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1yJ5cv5L2DMrNLLVw97hCgNGQswFxsZOfR_YITgoDCoo/edit?usp=sharing

Talaga, Tanya. "Are You Wearing Child Labour?" Toronto Star, 17 Mar 2015. SIRS Issues Researcher, https://explore.proquest.com/sirsissuesresearcher/document/2265936089?accountid=46127.

Most Canadians dont know or believe that the products they consume are products of child labour

The International Labour Organization believes there are 215 million children between the ages of 5 and 17 who participate in child labour

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Ui0knWEVMjQJVlILNpnq2CzvT9zJ4z9sLFTjQ4yDeFw/edit?usp=sharing

Denyer, Simon, and Min J. Kim. "North Korean Building Boom Runs on Forced Labor." Washington Post, 18 Dec 2018. SIRS Issues Researcher, https://explore.proquest.com/sirsissuesresearcher/document/2265913078?accountid=11589.

Summary: "North Korea's economy--and its construction industry, in particular--is built on slave labor. Hundreds of thousands of men, women and children are dragooned for decades into dolgyeokdae, literally 'stormtrooper,' work crews for little or no pay, barely fed and often forced to sleep in makeshift housing they build themselves, according to rights groups and reports by the State Department and others."

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1VA4xOXrkoe-CrHsVPlwHclVAZzYbHtvPvO70GAB4BDk/edit

ohn, Rahila M. Is Child Labour Good for our Economy? , 2014. SIRS Issues Researcher, https://explore.proquest.com/sirsissuesresearcher/document/2265932733?accountid=11589.

Summary: "According to ILO [International Labour Organization] banning child labour and educating children will raise the world economy by 22 percent in 20 years....Dealing with child labour can be a huge step in guaranteeing the future of this great country. It can also be a stepping stone for the elimination of poverty, unemployment and crises which are the major causes of the country's stagnant economy." (AllAfrica.com) In this article, the author argues that ending the use of child labor would benefit the world economy and lead to less poverty.

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1alRDblgdk9yZaTTG0ZTDGIHM32Y0ucI25i5D3nZIRBU/edit?usp=sharing

Wolken, Dan. "Olympic Uniforms Tainted by Forced Labor?" USA TODAY, 07 Feb 2022. SIRS Issues Researcher, https://explore.proquest.com/sirsissuesresearcher/document/2637066254?accountid=11589.

Summary: "Everywhere you turn at these Olympic Games, friendly staff members and volunteers are impeccably dressed in uniforms depicting white snow peaks and blue Chinese skies. As the competitions get underway in full force, we will see hundreds of technical officials wearing similarly attractive gray and white gear with red accents on their sleeves. But it's the logo over the right breast that your eyes should be drawn to." (USA TODAY) This article discusses the connection between forced labor, human rights abuses, and the Olympics uniforms as the Games get under way in China.

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1A7rJOyWwVTdrkVSdwUV5RYc6bwAGGkXkmfjigjs1Rr0/edit?usp=sharing

Edmonds V. Eric, "Economic Growth and Child Labor in Low Income Economies" https://g2lm-lic.iza.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/glmlic_sp003.pdf.
https://docs.google.com/document/d/14lZLfgMCfPZejOQkEHaHjg-Zsx1YONe5_wqfO4SgL14/edit?usp=sharing

U.S. Department of Labor Releases Reports on Child Labor and Forced.. , 2018. SIRS Issues Researcher, https://explore.proquest.com/sirsissuesresearcher/document/2250423521?accountid=11589.

Summary: "The U.S. Department of Labor today released two reports that shine a spotlight on child labor and forced labor in nations around the world: the eighth edition of the List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor and the 17th annual edition of the Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor. These reports, prepared by the Department's Bureau of International Labor Affairs (ILAB), highlight specific sectors in which child labor or forced labor persists in foreign nations, and describe the progress some countries have made in upholding their international commitments to eliminate these practices." (U.S. Department of Labor News Release) This news release provides an overview of two U.S. Department of Labor reports on child labor. It also contains information on two smartphone apps that address child labor.

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1RDWpz6pDwqs1LXLJlwugAhci8a0zzJhkVWnTW-IWnic/edit#

Forced Labour- Does it Make Economic Sense?
https://collections.unu.edu/eserv/UNU:3293/JRF01_ForcedLabour.pdf

initial typology of the costs of forced labour at both the firm and societal level. A cost-benefit analysis of forced labour at the firm level indicates that a rational firm that utilizes forced labour may actually incur significant costs that could potentially outweigh any financial benefits. While the costs will likely vary significantly by case, additional empirical research weighing the total costs of slaves’ maintenance and coercion against the savings provided by their labour will help illuminate the economic impact of forced labour.

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1tqPiYhYMsMFs4VhaIxZk9a_1lwIBvPjekLkBi-UHEzs/edit?usp=sharing

Forced labour, modern slavery and human trafficking https://www.ilo.org/global/topics/forced-labour/lang--en/index.htm

Summary:At any given time in 2016, an estimated 40.3 million people are in modern slavery, including 24.9 million in forced labour and 15.4 million in forced marriage.

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1xBsgfC6onwhAe6GoZTOpJpsNRoMbmz4d8pPV7TXT19E/edit#heading=h.50plv42h1ek4

Portela Souza, Andre & Piza, Caio. "The consequences of banning child labor" 2015.
https://blogs.worldbank.org/developmenttalk/consequences-banning-child-labor

"From a normative perspective, we can all agree that child labor is reprehensible and should be banned, particularly in its worst forms. According to the International Labor Organization (ILO), child labor has declined worldwide in the last fifteen years, but the numbers are still alarming. In 2012, 168 million children were a part of child labor with more than half of these kids involved in hazardous work.
Baland and Robinson (2000) develop a two-period model and demonstrate that there could exist an efficient level of child labor in the economy. They also show that a policy implementing a ban could have redistributive consequences by affecting adult wages in both the short and long run."

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1gLZjHNXaiCrvgqKsUezXb2gNJ5vOyt-fFfxuVvUoGCs/edit?usp=sharing