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Hyperglacemia Hyperglycemia-FI - Coggle Diagram
Hyperglacemia 
Definition
affects people who have diabetes. Several factors can contribute to hyperglycemia in people with diabetes, including food and physical activity choices, illness, nondiabetes medications, or skipping or not taking enough glucose-lowering medication.
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Risks factors
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Experiencing emotional stress, such as family conflict or workplace challenges
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Pathophysiology
It is caused by a decrease in the production of insulin, a decrease in the action of insulin, or a combination of the two abnormalities
Mild hyperglycemia causes no symptoms, but more severe hyperglycemia causes an increase in urine volume and thirst fatigue and weakness, and increased susceptibility to infection
Nursing care plan
Rationale
The physician will make a target blood glucose level. Teach the patient that they need to monitor their blood glucose.They need to call their primary care physician if they have blood glucose levels higher than their target for multiple days or if they have 2 readings of greater than 300 mg/dL.Teach the patient how to use their glucometer and record their results
It is important to know which insulin to give and how they work. Each institution has guidelines and each insulin has guidelines. Following the guidelines, make sure you know the onset, peak and duration of each type of insulin
Nursing Interventions
Blood sugar monitoring: Normal range 70-180 mg/dL patient may have a different target blood sugar level make sure to know what each patient’s target is
Insulin administration -Rapid Acting: Humalog Novolog Fast/short Acting: Regular -Intermediate Action: NPH Long Acting: Lantus Levemir
Management
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potassium can be added to replacement fluid when fluid when the patient's urinary output is adequate
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complications
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Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state. This condition occurs when people produce insulin, but it doesn't work properly. Blood glucose levels may become very high — greater than 1,000 mg/dL (55.6 mmol/L).
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