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Biological Responses - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Vasodilation means the blood vessels expand allowing more blood to flow. Energy is transferred by radiation to the environment
      - Sweat glands produce more sweat which evaporates from the skin. Energy is transferred for the water to heat up and evaporate
  - - - amino acids -> ammonia -> urea -> urine
      - Urea is excreted by the kidneys in the urine
      - This forms ammonia (toxic) which is then converted into urea.
  - - - Filters the blood
      - Reabsorbs all the glucose
      - Reabsorbs the dissolved mineral ions and water as your body needs
      - Releases urea, excess mineral ions and water as urine
    - - Water of the blood is too low
        
        pituitary gland releases hormone (ADH) into the blood.
        
        Kidneys absorb more water, urine is more concentrated
      - ADH changes the permeability of the kidney tubules so that they reabsorb more water from the urine into the blood
      - Water content of the blood is too high
        
        Less ADH is released by the pituitary glands
        
        Kidneys absorb less water, urine is less concentrated
    - - Patient's blood flows between partially permeable membranes surrounded by dialysis fluid
      - The dialysis fluid contains the same concentration of useful substances as the patients blood so they are not removed
      - The dialysis fluid contains less waste products than the patient's blood so they are removed by diffusion.
- - - - Pancreas releases insulin which causes the glucose to move from the blood into the cells
      - Excess glucose is converted into glycogen for storage
      - If glycogen stores are full, glucose is stored as lipids (fat)
    - - Pancreas secretes glucagon which causes the glycogen stores to convert into glucose
    - - If the pancreas produces too little insulin, the blood glucose levels can become really high. This is type 1 diabetes
      - When the body doesn't respond to its own insulin this is called type 2 diabetes