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THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION - Coggle Diagram
THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION
Reformation
first half of the 16th century
start the division of
Christian Church
founding of protestant churches
religious movement
Causes
The church's wealth
high clergy
luxury life
church
taxed the humble population
possessed extensive lands
The buying and selling of ecclesiastical positions
these provided
economic rights
income
way of getting rich
The bad example set by the high clergy
at the top of the hierarchy
occupied positions
for their own gain
didn't respect
customs
morals
The sale of indulgences
helped believers
be forgiven for their sins
church needed money
sold indulgences
The low clergy's lack of training
church hierarchy
to the training of its priests
don't give importance
therefore
they don't behave appropriately
circumstances
Many peasant revolts
demanded both religious
economic reforms
fury majority of believers
humanists
like Erasmus of Rotterdam
denounced bad practices
didn't resolve the situation
Luther's break from home
Martin Luther
published 95 Theses
1517
criticising the sale of indulgences
other bad practices
carried out by ecclesiastical hierarchy
beginning of
Protestant Reformation
scandalised
amount of corruption in the Church
during the rest of his life
criticise the Church
develop his ideas
resulting Lutheran doctrine
Rejection of the veneration
Virgin Mary
Saint
Holy relics
Rejection of the sacraments
except
baptism
Eucharist
Opposition to the Church
owning property
support nobles taking over Church's possessions
Forgiveness and salvation
don't depend on good deeds a person does in life
but on faith and God's will
Free interpretation of the Bible
initiated the translation of the book
various languages
Priests should be abolished
interpret the Bible
anyone could read
Important dates
1522
Luther translates the Bible
to Germany
1536
Lutheranism spread
Denmark
Norway
1521
Pope demands that Luther retracts his writings
when he refuses
he is excommunicated
expelled from the Empire
1517
Luther publishes 95 Theses
1559-1562
elimination of Lutheran groups
Spain
religious division in Europe
The spread of the reformation
Lutheranism
spread rapidly across northern Europe
the Low Countries
Denmark
Germany
the countries on the Scandinavian Peninsula
New doctrines
John Calvin
spread a type of Protestantism
Switzerland
French theologian
His beliefs
based on predestination
people were destined for
salvation
damnation from birth
Calvinism spread across
Switzerland
England (Puritans)
Scotland (Presbyterians)
France (Huguenots)
north of the Low Countries
1534
he broke with the Catholic Church
Act of Supremacy was passed
Pope wouldn't give his consent for King Henry VIII
divorce Catherine of Aragón
appointed himself head of
Church of England
Anglican Church
Ultricht Zwingli
founded the Reformed Church
Zurich
His doctrine
rejected the authority of the Pope
proposed abolishing religious imagery
celibacy among priests
Swiss pastor
