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Lecture 9: Tropical diseases of the foot - Coggle Diagram
Lecture 9: Tropical diseases of the foot
Mycetoma
Chronic, progressively destructive inflammatory disease usually of the foot
Traumatic inoculation of certain type of bacteria or fungi into the subcutaneous tissue.
Causes
Organisms that are resident in soil
Inoculated through skin
Multiply in tissues
Infection is associated with walking barefoot and with manual laborers
Actinomycetoma (bacterial)
Lighter color granule appearance (white/yellow/red)
Prolonged antibiotic treatment
Eumycetoma (fungal)
Darker color granule appearance (black)
Usually requires surgery and antifungal treatment
Buruli ulcer
Chronic ulcerating disease
Slowly progressive
Infectious disease
Mycobacterium ulcerans
Transmission
Uncertain (environmental)
Treatable with combinations of antibiotics and local measures
Lympathic filariasis/Elephantiasis -> Infectious
Cause
Parasitic nematode worms (Microfilariae)
Transmitted by mosquito bite
Cause inflammation & obstruction of lymphatic drainage
Podoconiosis / Non-filarial elephantiasis -> Non-infectious
Chronic destructive inflammatory disease usually of the foot
Prodromal features
“Itchy foot”
Localised
“Burning leg”
Worsening at night
Usually the same leg
Second leg doesn't show symptoms until first shows clear signs of disease
A genetically determined abnormal inflammatory reaction to mineral particles in irritant red clay soils derived from volcanic deposits
Neglected tropical disease (WHO,2011)