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BASEBALL RULES - Coggle Diagram
BASEBALL RULES
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- he hits a ball in fair territory and runs to first base.
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- the catcher drops the third strike. (If the batter is called for his 3rd strike but the catcher misses the ball, the batter may try to beat the ball to first base.
A runner can move to the next base if the ball is overthrown or after a wild pitch.
A runner may overrun 1st base when he hits the ball as long as he turns out of bounds after he passes the base. Runners may not overrun any other base. If they do and are tagged while they are off the base, they are out.
A standard game lasts 9 innings. Each inning is divided into a top and bottom half with each team having a turn at bat.
The visiting team bats the first half (or top) of each inning, and the home team bats the second half (or bottom) of the inning.
A half inning is completed when the batting team gets 3 outs. If the score is tied at the end of 9 innings, extra innings are played until there is a winner.
If the home team is ahead going into the bottom of the 9th inning, there is no need for them to come up to bat, so the game is usually called.
A BATTER IS OUT IF:
- he hits the ball and it's caught while it's in the air, which is known as a fly ball (even if it's caught in foul territory.)
- he gets 3 strikes.
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- SCORING: The team that scores the most runs is the winner. A run is scored when a base runner rounds all of the bases by stepping on each one in order from 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and crosses home plate.
- If the ball is hit over the outfield fence in fair territory, it is considered a home run and the batter has a free trip all the way around the bases until he crosses home plate.
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- PLAYING AREA: The playing area is often referred to as a baseball diamond due to its shape. It consists of a pitcher's mound, 4 bases, an infield, and an outfield.
- EQUIPMENT: You need a bat, batting helmet, baseball, gloves for each outfielder, 4 bases, and a pitching rubber.
- STARTING PLAY: The visiting team bats first while the home team starts out in the field on defense. Each fielder lines up in one of the 9 fielding positions. The first batter steps into the batter's box and prepares to hit the pitch.
- BATTING: There is a batter's box on both sides of home plate. The batter may choose which side of the plate to hit from, but both of his feet must be inside the box.
He attempts to score runs by hitting the ball when it's pitched to him. The batter may continue to hit until he:
- Hits the ball in fair territory
- Gets 3 strikes
- Gets 4 balls
- BALLS: A "ball" is a pitch that crosses the plate outside of the strike zone that the batter does not swing at. If a batter receives 4 balls, he gets to walk to first base. If a batter swings at a ball outside the strike zone and misses, he is called for a strike.
- STRIKES: The strike zone is the area between the batter's shoulders and knees. A "strike" is called by the umpire when the batter:
- fails to swing at a pitch that crosses the plate in the strike zone.
- swings at a pitch and misses.
- hits the ball out of bounds with fewer than two strikes against him.
Once he gets 3 strikes he is out, and the next batter comes up to the plate.
A batter can't strike out on a foul ball. If he has two strikes, there's no limit to the number of foul balls he is allowed to hit. He can only strike out on a swing and miss or a ball he fails to swing at in the strike zone.