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Important aspects of pharmacology - Coggle Diagram
Important aspects of pharmacology
Routes of administration
Enteral
Sublingual, Per rectum, By mouth
Parental
Intravenous, Intraosseous, Inhalation, Intranasal, Intramuscular, Subcutaneous, Transcutaneous
The rights of medication administration
Right Patient - make sure the medication you are helping your patient take is prescribed to him/her, not anyone else.
Right medication & indication - Make sure it is the right medication to be administered and make sure the patient doesn't have any contraindications for the medication.
Right dose - Make sure to verify the form and dose of the medication, it is a good idea to have your partner very you are giving the right doe and meds.
Right route - You must make sure the route matches the order you have received.
Right time - You must make sure the medication isn't expired before administering it, reasses your patient after giving it to make sure it is working.
Right education - Inform the patient of the medication you intend to adminster, while having this discussion with your patient make sure your patient to see if your patient has any medication allergies, inform them of the adverse effects that he/she might feel when it is administered
Right to refuse - Patients with decision making capacity can decline or refuse proposed interventions or medications.
Right response and evaluation - Monitor the patients vital signs, mental status, signs of perfusion, and respiratory effort after administering the medication. Observe for any adverse medication effects.
Right documentation - After the medication has been given, you must document your actions and the patients responce, including the time you gave the medication and name, the dose, and the route of administration.
Medications Emts can adiminister
Aspirin: Anti-inflammatory agent & fever agent; prevents platelets from clumping. Relief of mild pain, headache, muscle aches, fever and chest pain of cardiac arrest. Its contraindications are hypersensitivity; recent bleeding
Ipratropium - Fast acting MDI medication. Stimulates nervous system, causing bronchodilation. Its contraindications are asthma/ difficulty breathing with wheezing
Epinephrine - Stimulates nervous system, causing bronchodilation. Anaphylactic reaction. Its contraindications are chest pain of cardiac origin; hypothermia; hypertension
Naloxone - Reverses respiratory depression secondary to opiod overdose. Ooid poisioning. It contraindicates hypersensitivity.
Nitroglycerin - Dilates blood vessels. Chest pain of cardiac origin. Its contraindications are hypertension; use of sildenafil or another treatment of erectile dysfunction within the previous 24 hours; head injury.
Oral glucose - When absorbed, provides glucose for cell use. Low blood glucose (hypoglycemia). Its contraindications are decreased level of consciousness; nausea; vomiting.
Oxygen - Reverses hypoxia; provides oxygen to be absorbed by the lungs. Hypoxia or suspected hypoxia. Its contraindications are very rarely used with patients with COPD; do not use near open flames as oxygen will support combustion.
Acetaminophen - Analgestic and fever reducer. Relief of mild pain or fever, headache, muscle aches. Its contraindications are hypersensitivity.
Diphenhydramine - It blocks histamine. Mild allergic reactions. its contraindications are asthma; glaucoma; hypertension; infants.
Ibuprofen - NSAID that reduces inflammation and fever/ analgesic. Mild pain or fever, headache, muscle aches. Its contraindications are hypersensitivity.
Medications typically carried on an EMT ambulnce
Oxygen
Aspirin
Oral glucose
Epinephrine